96 GUIDE TO THE STUDY OF LICHENS. 



11. Gladonia cenotea. Primary thallus usually 

 absent ; when present, large, elongated and much 

 branched. Podetia rather long and thick, branched 

 near the top, lower portion often bearing thalloid lob- 

 ules. Apothecia rare. Disk flesh-colored to dark- 

 brown. Spores usually wanting. 



12. Gladonia alcicornis. Primary thallus well de- 

 veloped, much elongated, branched, margin crenate. 

 Podetia not very numerous, often wanting, medium 

 height and thickness, much expanded above, either cup- 

 shaped or leaf-like, bearing a few usually large thalloid 

 lobules. Apothecia sessile or on short stalks, rather 

 small. Disk convex, light-brown to reddish-brown. 



13. Gladonia lepidota. Primary thallus of much 

 elongated and divided lobes. Podetia medium, spar- 

 ingly branched toward the base ; much branched near 

 the apex, bearing many thalloid lobules. Apothecia 

 often wanting. 



1^. Gladonia pyxidata. Primary thallus well de- 

 veloped; lobes rather large, broad, and indistinctly 

 branched. Podetia from short to medium in length, 

 from medium to very thick, much expanded above, not 

 branching, scaly, sometimes bearing a few thalloid 

 lobules. Apothecia rare, on short stalks, small. Disk 

 convex, somewhat confluent, brown. 



Lindsay says of this lichen, " It is the ' cup-moss ' of 

 the London herbalists. It contains a considerable 

 quantity of gummy or starchy matter, and has been 

 much used as a demulcent in various chest affections." 

 Its medicinal uses, which have been most varied, have 

 resembled those of Getraria Islandica, 



