GENERA AND SPECIES. 99 



long, rather slender, expanded, cup-like, bearing here 

 and there a few thalloid lobules, branches sometimes 

 formed on the cups or the margins of the cups. Apo- 

 thecia usually rare, on short stalks from the margins 

 of the cups, small to medmm. Disk convex, brown. 



22. Cladonia squamosa. Primary thallus well de- 

 veloped, slender, elongated, variable in size and 

 frequency of branching. Podetia rather long and 

 slender, irregularly branched, branches decreasing in 

 length and thickness directly with the number of di- 

 visions, bearing many thalloid lobules. Apothecia 

 rather small. Disk convex, brown. Spores compara- 

 tively numerous, 12/x X 3.5^. 



23. Cladonia turgida. Pr mary thallus large, 

 elongated, branched. Podetia long, rather thick, 

 irregularly branched, sometimes perforate. Apothecia 

 rare, small, hemispherical, on short slender branches. 

 Disk light reddish-brown. Spores very rare. 



24.' Cladonia uncialis. Primary thallus deficient 

 or wanting. Podetia in dense clusters, much ex- 

 panded, branching, more or less perforate, terminal 

 branches pointed, usually sterile. " Podetia incras- 

 sated above, cymose, brown." 



25. Cladonia furcata. Primary thallus consisting 

 of a few small scattering lobes, sometimes becoming 

 large, and indistinctly branched. Podetia long, rather 

 slender, frequently branched (thickness and length of 

 branches decreasing with the number of divisions), 

 smooth, whitish, bearing thalloid lobules. Apothecia 

 from small to medium. Disk convex, brown. Spores 

 rather large (long). 



