GENERA AND SPFX'IF.S. 155 



This species may be identical with P. tceniata^ though 

 it differs somewhat in the characteis of the thallus. 

 In the latter the spores are also more numerous (100 

 or more) and smaller (2.5/x X !/-«■)• So far as could 

 be determined P. multisporuin is a western species, oc- 

 curring in Washington, Idaho and Utah. The mate- 

 rial which came to notice was labelled P. olivacea, 

 which has the same general characters but bears only 

 the usual number of spores in each spore-sac (8). 



3. Parmelia caperata. Thallus from medium to 

 large, of typical radial growth, branching, lobes 

 rounded, more or less crenulate, and margins turned 

 slightly upward ; upper surface rugosely folded, bluish- 

 green, soralia upon the ridges of the folds ; lower 

 surface black, brown near margin. Apothecia few 

 or wanting, medium size, margin often covered 

 with soralia. Disk chestnut-brown. Spores typical, 

 25/x X 12/x,. 



In the north of Ireland and on the Isle of Man this 

 lichen is known as " Stone Crottles," and was exten- 

 sively used by the peasantry for dyeing woollen fabrics 

 a lemon color. The lichen has a wide range, occur- 

 ring throughout the United States, South America, 

 Europe and other countries. 



^. Parmelia physodes. Thallus medium to large, 

 much branched, lobes linear and somewhat ascending ; 

 tips inflated, upper surface generally bearing numerous 

 spermagonia, soralia sometimes present, brownish to 

 ash-gray ; lower surface black, brownish towanl tips. 

 Apothecia usually present. Disk chest nut-brown. 

 Spores small, typical, G/x X 4.5/x. 



