192 THE HANDBOOK FOR PEACTICAL FARMERS 



Tlie average cost is about two dollars per barrel of fifty gallons. 

 Usually it is not practicable to make as much as fifty gallons 

 at one time, consequently the following directions are for making 

 only twenty-five gallons. Live steam run in a barrel, or fire 

 under an iron kettle, may be used in boiling. 



Place five gallons of water and forty pounds of the sulphur 

 in the vessel, and apply heat until the sulphur becomes a smooth 

 paste, stirring constantly. Now add ten gallons of water and 

 twenty pounds of lime, and boil for forty-five minutes. Add 

 water to make the twenty-five gallons. "When cooled to sixty- 

 five degrees F., test with the Baume scale ; the reading should be 

 about thirt^^-three degrees. 



As a scalecide to use in the dormant season, this should be 

 diluted one to ten (i. e., one part of the above formula diluted 

 with nine parts of water) and six to ten pounds of stone lime 

 added to every fifty gallons of the spray. 



As a fungicide for summer use, dilute one to thirty (one part 

 of stock formula diluted with twenty-nine parts of water), 



"WTien stored away it is best to cover the solution with a layer 

 of oil about an eighth of an inch thick. This will prevent evapo- 

 ration and the forming of a crust on the material. The material 

 should not be stored where the temperature may go very low. 



In spraying mth this mixture, definite dilution must be made, 

 and to do this a Baume scale is required. The amount of dilution 

 will vary from one part of this concentrate in nine or ten parts 

 of water to one part concentrate in thirty or more parts of water. 

 This concentrated material is now on the market in a commercial 

 form, and is generally very reliable. 



Self-boiled Lime Sulphur: 

 Lime, 8 pounds. 

 Sulphur, 8 pounds. 

 Water, 50 gallons^ 



This spray is especially valuable in cases where Bordeaux is 

 injurious to foliage or fruit. The stone fruits, such as plums, 

 are particularly susceptible to Bordeaux injury, while some 

 varieties of apples are badly russeted by it. There is slight 

 danger of injury by the self-boiled lime-sulphur preparation, 

 and it is an efficient fungicide when properly made. It stains 

 the fruit, as does Bordeaux. In making it, eight pounds of lime 

 of good quality should be placed in a barrel, and enough water 

 to nearly cover it should be added. AVhile the lime is slaking, 

 add sulphur which has been run through a sieve to break up 

 the lumps. The sulphur should be thoroughly stirred into the 



