THE VEGETABLE GAEDEN 



199 



celery, and lettuce are benefited. Apply sparingly and do not 

 leave any manure on the foliage. 



Commercial fertilizers are seldom necessary for the farm 

 garden, but may sometimes be applied after the crop is growing. 



Tools for operating the home garden. — Simding fork; hoe 

 (seven inches); rake (steel ])ow), fifteen teeth; double wheel 

 cultivator; single garden reel, one hundred and twenty feet 

 Italian hemp; auto spray (galvanized iron) ; galvanized water- 

 ing can (twelve quarts) ; hand w^eeder. 



A garden trowel which is sometimes useful in transplanting 

 (twenty-five cents), and also a hotbed soil thermometer (one 

 dollar) may be added to the above list. But few home gardens 

 have hotbeds though they are most valuable and highly recom- 

 mended. 



Hotbed. — Much time may be gained in the out-door culture 



■B0ARP5 



5ASHi?n^^ 



^f^T WiDe 



15 INCHES PROM THE 50ILT0 THE 5A5H 



■•6U1LPING PAPER 

 B0ARP5 



THERMOMETER 



8 INCH&5 



--GROUMO LEVEL 



4 mCHES OP SOIL 



2PT PttP 



n-^ 



PRESH HORSt MANURE 



^■jatar^g 'HCH&5 Of- MHBs^'^^tM^^^^iMmrmr^ tile ora.n5 '^r^m^:(i^yM 



Fig. 101. — DiafTi-am of a hotbed. 



necessary to start certain vegetables early in order to get a crop 

 by the end of the season, and it is also necessary to sow the seed 

 of certain crops, transplant the seedlings to the cold frames and 

 finally to the open, aft^r the spring frosts have passed, in order 

 to get more than one crop from the same soil in one season. The 

 advantages of the hotbed and cold frame are: (1) Time may 

 be gained in spring by starting the plants before the frosts have 



