432 THE HANDBOOK FOR PRACTICAL FARMERS 



reason a good many wells of this type are driven under the 

 basements of barns, dairy buildings, etc., and the pump located 

 in the basement where it can be operated by the same line shaft 

 or the same engine that is used to operate cream separators, feed 

 cutters and other equipment. 



The construction of the well should be such that the surface 

 water cannot enter it without having passed through a good 



depth of soil for filtration. 

 The type of construction 

 can be one of three gen- 

 eral classes, dug, driven 

 or drilled. The different 

 types of deep and shallow 

 wells are shown below. 



Dug wells. — Fig 215 (a) 

 shows the dug type, which 

 is made by digging a large 

 hole and lining it with 

 masonry. In a properly 

 constructed well this ma- 

 sonry should be made 

 tight by cementing for a 

 depth of at least ten feet 

 from the top, so that the 

 surface water cannot en- 

 t e r without passing 

 through this depth of soil. 

 The masonry should be 

 carried eight or ten inches 

 above the surface and sur- 

 rounded with cement, slop- 

 ing from the well, and the 

 cover should be made ab- 

 solutely tight. A trough should be provided under the pump 

 spout, if the spout discharge is used, so the waste water will be 

 carried away from the well. Another plan sometimes followed 

 is to place the pump at one side of the well instead of having 

 it directly over the well as shown in Fig. 1. 



Driven wells. — Fig. 215 (b) shows the driven type. This well 

 is constructed by attaching a well point, such as illustrated, to 

 the end of the pipe and driving the point into the ground until 

 water is reached. The cylinder is then installed in a dry well 

 as shown where it is easily accessible. The point is provided 



• - rfeym ji 



Fig. 214.— Typical 

 system. Hand opi 



nf running water 

 atcd piunp is used in 



this case to take water from well and 

 force it to gravity tank in attic. 



