516 THE HANDBOOK FOR PRACTICAL FARMERS 



Descriptive List of the Fifty Worst Weeds of the United States 

 [A = annual, B = biennial, P=perennial] 



COMMON KAME, 



BOTANICAL NAME, 



AND DURATION 



OP LIFE 



COLOR, SIZE, AND 

 ARRANGEMENT 

 OF FLOWERS 



SECTIONS 



WHERE 



INJURIOUS 



METHOD OF 



SEED 



DISTRIBUTION ; 



VEGETATIVE 



PROPAGATION 



OF THE 

 PERENNIALS 



PLACE OF 



GROWTH AND 



PRODUCTS 



INJURED 



Bermuda* grass, wire- 

 grass (Capriola dacty- 

 lon), P. 



Bindweed, field bind- 

 (Chrysanthemum leu- 

 vensis), P. 



Bindweed, wild morn- 

 ing glory (Convolvu- 

 lus sepium), P. 



Bitterweed, fennel, yel- 

 low dog fennel {HeJe- 

 iiium tenuifoUum), A. 



Broom sedge (Andro- 

 pogon virginicus), P. 



Buffalo bur, sand bur 

 (Solanum rostratum), 

 A. 



Bull nettle, horse net- 

 tle (Solanum caroli- 

 nense), P. 



Bur-grass, sand bur 

 (Cenchnts caro lini- 

 anus), A. 



Chess, cheat (Bromus 

 aecalinus), A. 



Chickweed, common 

 chickweed (Alsine me- 

 dia), A. 



Cocklebur, clotbur (.Yo?!- 

 thium americanu m ) , A. 



Purple; 1/12 

 inch ; spikes. 



White or pink ; 



1 inch ; soli- 

 tary. 



White or rose ; 



2 inches ; soli- 

 tary. 



Yellow ; 3 inch ; 

 head. 



Green ; i inch 

 racemes. 



Yellow ; J inch 

 solitary. 



Purple : 1 inch 

 solitary. 



Green ; J inch 

 bur. 



Green ; spike- 

 lets in pan 

 icles. 



White ; i inch ; 

 cymes. 



Green ; J inch 

 head. 



Maryland to 

 ^lissouri and 

 southward. 



Entire United 

 States, espe- 

 cially Califor- 

 nia. 



Mississippi Val- 

 ley region. 



Virginia to 



Kansas and 

 southward. 



Massachusetts 

 to Michigan, 

 Florida, and 

 Texas. 



Illinois and 



Colorado to 

 Texas. 



Entire United 

 States. 



Maine to Flori- 

 da and west- 

 ward to Colo- 

 rado. 



All grain sec- 

 tions. 



Entire United 

 States. 



Entire United 

 States. 



Seeds sparing- 

 ly ; rootstocks. 



Grain and flax 

 seeds ; creep- 

 ing roots. 



Grain and flax 

 seeds ; root- 

 stocks. 



Wind, hay, ani- 

 mals. 



Wind ; short 

 roots tocks, 

 plants in tufts. 



Plants rolled by 

 wind ; seeds in 

 hay and by 

 animals. 



Plants rolled by 

 wind ; running 

 roots. 



Animals, espe- 

 cially sheep. 



Grain seed ; es- 

 pecially wheat. 



Grass and clov- 

 er seed, ani- 

 mals ; has a 

 long seeding 

 period. 



Carried by ani- 



Crab-grass (Synther 

 isma sanguinale) , A. 



Daisy, oxeye daisy 

 (Chrysnthetnum leii- 

 canthemum), P. 



Dandelion (Taraxacum 

 officinale), P. 



Dock, yellow dock, sour 

 dock (Rumex crispus), 

 P. 



Green ; spikes. 



White with yel- 

 low center ; 1 

 inch ; heads. 



Yellow; IJ 



inch ; head. 



Green ; i inch ; 

 panicle. 



Entire United 

 States, espe- 

 cially the 

 South. 



Maine to Vir- 

 ginia and Ken- 

 tucky. 



Entire United 

 States. 



Entire United 

 States. 



Fields and 



lawns ; hoed 



crops. 

 Rich moist soils ; 



grain and hoed 



crops. 



Rich prairie and 

 river bottoms ; 

 corn and small 

 grain. 



Meadows and 

 pastures ; in- 

 .iures live stock 

 and taints 



milk. 



Fields and waste 

 lands ; pastures 

 and meadows. 



Fields ; grain 

 and hoed crops, 

 wool. 



Every where ; 

 grain and hoed 

 crops, pastures. 



Sandy land pas- 

 tures and 

 waste places ; 

 pastures and 

 wool. 



E v e r y w here ; 

 grain fields. 



Meadows, 

 lawns ; winter 

 crops. 



Cultivated fields 

 and waste 



places ; hoed 

 crops and wool. 



Cultivated fields, 

 gardens, lawns ; 

 hoed crops. 



Pastures, mead- 

 ows, roadsides ; 

 hay, pasturage. 



Clover and 



grass seed, 

 hay, animals. 



Clover seed, 

 hay ; woody, 

 rather short 

 rootstocks, but 

 largely by seed. 



Wind ; taproot, 

 which spreads 

 but little. 



Hay and straw, 

 clover and 

 grass seed; 

 taproot, which 

 spreads but 

 little. 



* The fact that Bermuda grass is often troublesome as a weed in places where it is not 

 desired is in no way contradictory to the fact that it is the most valuable pasture grass in 

 the South. With proper rotations Bermuda grass is rarely a serious weed. Where only 

 intertilled crops are grown, such as cotton, Bermuda grass perhaps occasions more addi- 

 tional cultivation than any other plant. For the valuable features of Bermuda grass consult 

 Farmers' Culletin 814. — C. V. Piper. 



Lawns, mead- 

 ows, waste 

 places; hay 

 and lawns. 



Hay, small grain 

 and hoed crops. 



