IIaxdhook ok Tkkks ok tiik XoiniiKKX States and Canada. 445 

 THE SMOKE-TREES. Ci-xrs COTIXIS Adans. 



Small tivcs (if two sprcirs with ai'oinalic milky jiiic,.. mw a native of Europe ami Asia 

 ami the oilier of souiicasieni CiiiiiMl Slates. 



/y( (((■( .V (lecidiiuus. simiili', mostly jietiolate, tliiunish, ohovatc. oliloiij; or oval, entire. Klal)- 

 roiis or nearly so. Fluirtr.s small, iireeuish-yellow, diu'cious or iiolygamou.s, in large loose 

 tenninal panicles with slender accrescent pedicels many of wliioh are abortive and become 

 villous: caly.x- lobes jjersistent ; petals twice as long as tlie sepals: stamens ."», shorter than 

 the i)etals : ovary obovoid, compressed: styles o, lateral, .spreading. Fruit l-seeded dry 

 obli(ineIy oblong comi)ressed glabrous drupelets, couspiciionsly reticulated and bearing the rem- 

 nants of the styles on one side: stone bony. The drupelets occur in ami)le loose thyrso'd 

 panicles with inany iilume-like abortive pedicels. 



The name is the ancient Greek name of the \\'il<l Olirc. traiisferi-ed to this tree. 

 For xpcrirs .STY' jiji. .iO '/-.ill.'). 



THE SUMACHS. Ckxis RHUS L. 



Trees, shrubs and climbing vines of about one hinidred twenty species, natives mainly 

 of the warmer parts of the north and south temiierale regions. Some are of great economic 

 value, as those jirohicing the lacquer and vegetable wax of .Taijan. tannin, etc.. and several 

 jiossess iioisoiiot:s prcpert ii's. Sixteen or seventeen speci(>s are natives of the T'liited States 

 of which about a half dozen may be considered as trees. 



Littns lostly unequally pinnate and deciduous, a few simple and i)ersistent, alternate. 

 Fldircru mostly diacious in compound axillary or terminal panicles: calyx mostly Ti-cleft or 

 l)arted and persistent: petals spreading and longer than the calyx-lobes: stamens"."), alternate 

 with the i)etals and inserted witli them under the margin of the annular disk: pistil solitary, 

 sessile, with three terminal styles. 'Fruit a subglobose drupelet mostly in thyrses with thin 

 dry hairy or glabrous outer coat and a single bony or crustaceous stone: cotyledons foliaceou.>. 



llIiKs is the classical (ireen name of the European Siniiuc]i. 



KEY TO THE SPECIES. 



a Fruit iiuhi<sc(>iit. red. with smooth stone, in terminal thyrses 



Kachis of the leaf not winged villose R. hirta. 



Itacliis winged between the leaflets K. copallina. 



a' Fruit glabrous, white, with striated stone in axillary panich s R. vernix. 



For species sec pp. .1(HS-311. 



HOLLY FAMILY. ILICACF.l^ Lowk. ( AOUIFOLIACE.E DC.) 



Trees and shrubs with watery sap and terete brauclilets of fi\-e g(Miera and about one 



hundred seventy sjiecies. They are widely disti-ibuled in both temperate and tropical regions 



of both til" Old World and the New. Only one genus cnnlains arborescent representatives in 



the ITnitod States. 



Leavcft alternate, iiersisteiit oi' deciduous, petiolate. entire, crennte or toothed and with 

 minute stipules. FUnrcrs small, regular, axillary, white or greenish, dicecious or i)olygamous : 

 calyx with 4-6 lobes imbricated in the bud, generally iiersistent, hypogenons : jjetals 4-(!, imbri- 

 cated, decirhiov.s. separate or united at base; disk none: stamens as many as the lobes of th.> 

 corolln, alternate with them and inserted on the corolla: anthers oblons : pistil solitary, 

 superior, compound with 4-S-celled ovary, short style or none and capitate stigmas of the same 

 number as the cells of the ovary: ovules usually 1 in each cell, suspended, anatropons. Fruit 

 a drupe with thin tii'sh and as many horny or crustaceous nutlets as carpels: seeds i)en(lul(Uis 

 with minute straight end ryo and flesliy ■ilbumen. 



THE HOLLIES. CKxr.s ILFA' L. 



Tri>e-; and shrubs of mIhmii diie liiindied sixl\- species id" which thirtiMMi inhabit eastern 



North .\meri(a ( none the west( rn side of the enntinent) and live of these are trees. 



'i'he .■haracters are those uivn of the family. 



Tile name is the anri.nt Oicek name of tlie Holly Oak of southern Europe. 



KEY I'O Tin: SPECIES. 



a Leaves (^vertrreen. lhi<k ; nutlets ribbed ; lea\e-. 



Spiny-toothed I. opaca. 



Entire or remotely serrate I. Cassine. 



Coarselv eremite I. vomitoria. 



