IIam>1!()Ok of Tkkks ok thk Xoimiii:i;.\ Statks and Canada. 417 



b' Hoforc the leaves in very e;irly si)rin>,'. in fMscicl.'s from latrral i)U(ls : fruit i-iii.'nin;; in 

 early suiniuer 

 c Flowers subsessile, without petals: ovary tonifniose; leaves deejily lohed. 



A. saccharinuiu. 

 c' Flowers with pedicels and petals; every jjlabrous : leaves not dee]i!y lohed and 



(Jlabrous or nearly so beneath A. rubrum. 



Wliite-tomentose beneath A. Drummondii. 



a' Pinna tely eouipoiind ; flowers dio'cious A. Negundo. 



For species see pp. .i.i'i-.U7, and the folloiriuf/ 



DrI'MMoM) Maim.k — Acer Dninniiotidii II. & A.: .1. riihniiii var. Dritniinonrlii Sarjr. A 

 Iarf;t\ tree inlinliil inn dei>p river swanii)s of the Gulf states from (Jeorgia to Texas and n\> the 

 Mississipiti Valley to southeastern Missouri, where in a limited area it is found within the 

 territory covered by this work. Leares .S-lobed, or sometimes partially H-jobed with short broad 

 acute or acuminate nearly entire lobes, cordate or rounded at base, thick and densely hoary- 

 tomeutose beneath, as are tlie iietioles and all new growth. Flowers scarlet, in dense lateral 

 clusters. exi)andinK before the h'aves, with ixnlicels and petals. Fruit ripening in March or 

 Anril with or before the exiianding of (lie leaves, bright scarlet samaras \V-2-1V-> in- long with 

 wings i.,-;'4 in. broad and with slender pedicels 1-2 in. long. 



HORSE-CHESTNUT FAMILY. 1 1 IPPOCAXTANACE.^i T. and C. 



Trees and a few shrubs with ill-scented bark, large branohlets and buds, and of about 



eighteen species natives of North America and Asia and grouped in two genera. Acftculns and 



BilUa. the latter a genus of Mexico and Central America. 



Lenvrti deciduous, opposite, petiolate, digitately compound, with 8-0 serrate leaflets, and 

 without stli)ules. Floirers appearing after the leaves, conspicuous, polygamous, in showy 

 terminal cymes or panicles, only the lowermost flowers generally fertile; pedicel jointed; calyx 

 campanulate with Ti unequal lobes, imbricated in the bud; petals 4-.^t. unequal, clawed; disk 

 hypogenous, annular; stamens ft-S, usually 7. unequal with elongated filiform filaments and 

 introrse 2-celled anthers longitudinally dehiscent; ovary sessile. 3-celled. with 2 ovules in each 

 cell; style slender, elongated, curved, and with terminal stigma. Fruit a coriaceous .'}-valved 

 l-2-se{>ded cajisule. loculicidally dehiscent; seeds large, round or irregularly himispherical with 

 smooth shining brown coat, large pale hilum, large thick unequal cotyledons, 2-leaved plumule 

 and remaining underground in germination. 



THE BUCKEYES AND HORSE-CHESTNUT. Genus ^SCULUS L. 



A genus of ten or twelve sjiecies of which four native and one naturalized are represented 

 among the trees of America. The characters are those of the family. 



The name is the classical name of a kind of oak and transferred to this genus. 



KEY TO THE SPECIES. 



a Flowers white; winter buds resin-coated: leaflets mostly 7 A. Hippocastanum. 



a- Flowers yellow ; winter buds not resin-coated : leaflets mostly 't ; stamens 



Longer than petals; capsules spiny at least when young A. glabra. 



Shorter than petals ; capsules quite smooth A. octandra. 



For species see pp. ,?,?,'^-.? J.7. 



SOAPBERRY FAMILY. SAPIXDACE.^I R. P,r. 



Trees, shrulis and a few vines with watery juice and chiefly confined to the tropics of the 



Old World. Over a thousand species are known grou])ed in about twenty genera. Of the 



arborescent genera four are ri'|)r('sented in the Fnited States, all southward. 



Leores alternate in th(» American reiiresentat ives. jn't iolale. i)innately or palniately com- 

 pound, without stijiules. Floirtrs regular or slightly irregular, iiolygamous. dicecious : calyx 

 4-r»-lobed or divided, imbricated in the bud; p(>tals 4-."). imbricated: disk .-innular. fleshy; stamens 

 usually ">-l<> inserted on the disk: anthers introrse. 2-celled, lougitu<liua]ly dehisci'nt : ovary 

 solitary, with 2-4 lobes and cells or entire: ovules 1 or 2 in each cell; styles terminal. Fruit 

 a drupe or capsule with small solitary seed and containing no albumen. 



THE SOAPBERRIES. Cknis SAPIXDl'.^ P. 



Trees and shrubs of wide distribution uininly in troiiical regions and jnost abundant in 

 Asia. Their fruits contain a saponaceous juice wliidi ?uakes a lather in water, like soap, 

 for which they are sometimes used as a substitute. Tln' horny seeds of some sjiecies are used 

 for beads and buttons, .\bout f<M-ty si)ecies are known of which three are found in southern 

 United States, one ranging as far north as southern Missouri. 



