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HANDY-BOOK OF HUSBANDRY. 



the frost is coming out of the ground and in times of protracted 

 rains. A narrow road, say not more than twelve feet wide, may 

 be sufficiently drained by a single Hne of tiles laid under its 

 center, as shown in Fig. 24 ; but if it is much wider than that it 

 will be better to lay a drain at or near each side, as shown in Fig. 

 25. These drains should not be less than three feet deep. The 

 manner of constructing them is given in the chapter on " Drain- 

 Fig. 25. 



age." They should be made with the same care and in the same 

 manner as ordinary land drains, and may often be connected with 

 the same system. 



While a good underdrain, alone, will often very much improve 

 a good road, it is usually advisable, especially in heavy land, or 

 on land with a heavy subsoil, to use stones, and if possible gravely 

 which will make a road good at all seasons of the year. 



As in the case of many other sorts of farm work, there are two 

 ways of making a stone road, both equally costly, but by no 

 means equally effectual. One way is to dig out the road to a 

 depth of a foot and a half for its whole width, and fill it to within 

 six inches of the surface with stones carefully laid on their flat 

 sides, and brought to a uniform face at the top — then to cover 

 them with gravel or other fiUing. If gravel cannot be obtained, 

 a mixture of broken stones and common earth makes a good 



Fig. 26. 



surface. This sort of road (shown in Fig. 26) is excellent when 

 first made, but a few years of heavy teaming will " shake it to 

 pieces." The jarring caused by heavy teams passing over it will 



