216 HANDT-BOOK OF HUSBANDRY. 



Table XX. computes the annual amount and value of the urine 

 voided in London, making the total amount of urine 1,052,151 

 tons, and the total solids contained therein, being i in 34, 30, 735 

 tons, v^^orth £34 per ton. 



Table XXI. gives the annual value of the fluid voidings of the 

 population of London as follows : — 



Summary. 



f From urea £788,400 



I " ammoniacal salts -7>93° 



Ammonia.^ " uric acid 9,648 



I " creatinine 



(^ " other nitrogenized matters 



Phosphoric acid 31 ,805 



Sulphuric I3»6i4 



Chloride of sodium 44,972 



Potash 86,700 



Lime and magnesia 325 



15,108 

 12,000 



Total £1,030,502 



Value of one ton of urine rather less than £1. Value of annual urine of one adult 

 male rather less than 10 shillings. 



By this computation the value of the liquid excrement of the 

 people of the United States would amount to at least $50,000,000 

 per annum. The value of the solid excrement would be some- 

 what less than this. Of course, very much of this value would be 

 wasted if the most perfect system that our ingenuity could devise 

 were adopted for every community of sufficient size to come 

 under any sanitary or economic discipline. But the amount 

 which might be saved is of sufficient magnitude to make the 

 subject one of the most important that we can consider. 



It may be objected that Dr. Tudichum's standard of value is 

 too high. Some writers place it at a higher figure, others at a 

 lower, and it is extremely difficult, if not impossible, to make an 

 exact estimate ; at the same time, the experience of the world, 

 ever since agricultural operations and opinions began to be record- 

 ed, shows that human excrement, and especially human urine, is 

 of the utmost value as a manure. 



Its economical application has enabled the most populous 



