SIR WILLIAM CROOKES ON SCANDIUM. 39 



SCANDIUM ORTHO-TOLUATE, 

 5cOH,3H 2 O = (C 8 H 7 O 2 ) 2 ScOH,3H 2 O = C 16 H 15 O 5 Sc,3H 2 O. 



When scandium hydroxide is boiled with an excess of aqueous ortho-toluic acid, a 

 salt is formed with the composition given above. It is a white crystalline powder 

 insoluble in water. 



The same salt is formed by mixing solutions of ammonium ortho-toluate and 

 scandium nitrate. It forms a voluminous white curdy precipitate, insoluble in hot or 

 cold water. It contains 3 molecules of water, which are not driven off at 150. 



Analysis. 



12*316 grs. of scandium ortho-toluate dried in racuo over sulphuric acid left on 

 ignition 2"171 grs. of scandia, = 1"4059 grs. of scandium. 



Theory. Experiment. 



Sc 44-100 11-45 11-42 



H 15 . . . 

 5 . . . 

 3H 2 O . . . 54-048 J 



385-268 100-00 JOO'OO 



It is seen that this ortho-toluate lias the same percentage composition as the 

 phenyl-acetate, but differs in structural constitution. 



BASIC SCANDIUM ORTHO-TOLUATE. 



When scandium hydroxide is boiled with solution of ortho-toluic acid, keeping the 

 hydroxide in slight excess, a basic scandium ortho-toluate is formed. It can be 

 decanted easily from the excess of hydroxide, which is of greater density ; it is 

 anhydrous and has the composition 



Sc(OH) 3 = 2C 8 H 7 3 Sc + Sc(OH) : , 



This basic ortho-toluate is a white powder, insoluble in water and alcohol, but 



easily soluble in dilute acids. 



Analysis. 



(1) 6 "402 grs. of basic scandium ortho-toluate, dried over sulphuric acid in vacuo, 



left on ignition 2711 grs. of scandia, = 17556 grs. of scandium. 



(2) 7'631 grs. of basic scandium ortho-toluate left on ignition 3'219 grs. of scandia, 



= 2'0846 grs. of scandium. 



