(b) Highest and Loicest Daily Increases. 



THE GALLOWAY. 



The origin of the Galloway is obscure, but it is undoubtedly a 

 very old breed, and it is claimed that it has existed in a pure 

 condition in its native district from the beginning of the seventeenth 

 century. The home of the breed is the district in the South West 

 of Scotland which still bears the old name of Galloway and includes 

 the counties of Kirkcudbright and Wigtown, though herds are now 

 kept in many other parts of the British Isles, notably in the North 

 of England. 



Characteristic features. One of the most striking and distinctive 

 features of Galloway cattle is their hardiness ; they will thrive and 

 put on flesh on very poor grazing, and are admirably suited to cold, 

 wet climatic conditions such as those of the parts of the country 

 where they are chiefly bred. Galloways are hornless., and the 

 recognised colour is black, with a brown tinge on the woolly winter 

 undercoat, while a little white on the udder is tolerated. Dun 

 specimens of excellent quality appear now and then in the best 

 strains, and red of a somewhat foxy shade which was once a common 

 Galloway colour still crops up though very rarely. A white-belted 

 variety occurs in the North of England. The head is short and 

 broad, the eye large and prominent, the body rounded and sym- 

 metrical, and the legs are short and clean. The skin should be 

 moderately thick, but mellow, and the hair soft and wavy with a 

 mossy undercoat ; wiry or curly hair is very objectionable. Though 

 they are naturally slow in development under ordinary treatment, 

 Galloways bear heavy feeding quite well, and from time to time the 

 breed has held foremost positions in contests against other breeds 

 at the Smithfield Show. 



The breed belongs essentially to the class of beef-producers, and 

 the beef is of the finest marbled quality. As the cows generally 

 suckle their calves, few heavy milkers have been noticed. 



Value for Crossing. Galloways are highly valued for crossing 

 purposes, with a view to the production of beef animals ; the calves 

 produced are almost invariably hornless, and if the other breed is 

 dark roan or red in colour, the majority of the crosses are black. 

 When crossed with white or light-roan Shorthorns, the majority of 

 the 'offspring are polled blue-greys, and these crosses have such a. 



