SAT7RS. 



97 



jje observed it in profusion near Galway and in 

 Maiaiiide Park. It has not yet been observed 

 in the Isle of Man. In Scotland it also 

 occurs. Dr. Buchanan White says it is a 

 local species in Perthshire, and he believes it 

 is only found in the lowland part of the 

 county. It occurs on Kinnoul Hill in Grlen- 

 farg. Skye is the most northern locality in 

 Scotland at present known for the species. 

 In England it is common, but local. Mr. 

 Naish found it flying in incredible numbers 

 in the woods adjoining Weston-super-Mare, 

 and I have seen it in like profusion in many 

 places. 



Obs. I have thought it desirable to write 

 two descriptions of the butterfly which follows 

 next in succession ; thus not only differentiat- 

 ing the two foi-ms, but leaving the reader at 

 liberty to consider them " races," " varieties," 

 or " species," according to his own judgment 



29. Marsh Ringlet (CosnonympJia Davus). Twc 

 Upper sides and two Under sides. 



29. THE MARSH KINGLET. The wings are 

 rounded, and their hind margin is simple : the 

 colour of the upper side is pale dingy fulvous 

 in the females, darker in the males ; a straight 

 transverse pale mark crosses the middle of the 

 fore wings in the females, and between this 

 and the hind margin are two circular pale 

 spots distant from each other and nearly 

 equidistant from the hind margin; these spots 

 have a black centre, but they are always 

 indistinct, and sometimes altogether absenj : 

 the hind wings are rather darker than the fore 

 wings, especially about the base and hind 

 margin, but there is a pale blotch of uncertain 

 shape extending from the centre of the wing 

 to the costal margin, and there are traces of a 

 series of circular spots parallel with the hind 

 margin. The under side of the fore wings is 

 partially divided by a straight pale bar, or a 

 portion thereof, crossing the middle of the 

 wing, but sometimes the upper portion of the 

 bar alone is perceptible ; the basal area within 

 this bar is fulvous brown tinged with rust- 

 colour, which colour also extends along the 

 inner margin to the anal angle ; the apical 

 angle is brownish gray, and generally contains 

 a pale circular spot with a black centre ; the 

 hind wings are brown and clothed with ful- 

 vous hairs; an irregular pale bar crosses the 

 middle of the wing, and this is invariably 

 broken or interrupted in the middle; inter- 

 mediate between this bar and the hind margin 

 is frequently a series of six circular spots, 

 which are black with white pupils and a pale 

 circumscription ; these are always indistinct, 

 often reduced to mere points, and sometimes 

 entirely absent ; and the hind wings, being 

 covered with rather long glossy hairs or 

 hair-like scales, have a somewhat shaggy 

 appearance. 



Obs. This insect is certainly the Typhon of 

 Haworth, but as certainly the Davus of Fabri- 

 cius, whose earlier name must be adopted. 



LIFE HISTORY. The life history of this 

 insect is unknown, unless, indeed, it may be 

 supposed identical with that of the following. 



TIME OF APPEARANCE. From the second 

 week in June to the end of July. 



LOCALITIES. Generally spoken ol as ft 



