REDHORNS. 



145 



bent under, Spliinx-like ; when annoyed, it 

 falls from the food-plant and forms a complete 

 ring: the head and body are of nearly uniform 

 width, the body cylindrical, the thoracic seg- 

 ments somewhat incrassated, the terminal 

 segments somewhat attenuated; the crown is 

 gibbous and without a notch ; the head is 

 covered with minute warts, and each wart 

 emits a short hair ; the segmental divisions 

 are indistinct and transversely wrinkled, the 

 wrinkles dividing each segment into narrow- 

 sections, each section composed of a series of 

 minute warts, and every wart emitting a short 

 hair : in form and habit tliis caterpillar much 

 resembles that of the Small White Cab- 

 bage Butterfly. The colour of the head and 

 body is grass-green, the minute warts being 

 black, and each being surrounded by a whitish 

 ring : there is a very distinct but rather nar- 

 row whitish stripe along each side ; it com- 

 mences on the second and terminates on the 

 twelfth segment, including the spiracles, which 

 are yellowish. Newman. 



The individual described never became a 

 chrysalis ; but Mr. Buckler was fortunate in 

 obtaining a number of chrysalids from the 

 same brood of eggs, and of these he published 

 the following description in the forty-first 

 number of the " Entomologists' Monthly 

 Magazine " : " The CHRYSALIS was attached 

 by the tail, and with a belt of silk thread 

 round it close below the thorax : the head 

 was generally upwards, though in some cases 

 a horizontal position, or nearly so, was chosen : 

 the chrysalis is moderately stout ; the thorax 

 round, and projecting on the back ; the head 

 terminating in a sharp point ; the wing-cases 

 are long and well developed, projecting below 

 the body. The colour of the back and body 

 is a very pale yellow-green, and a pale yel- 

 lowish stripe on each side below the wing- 

 cases, on the body ; on the under side beneath 

 them were three minute black dots, followed 

 by a stripe of dull dark red ; the wing-cases 

 were a rather deeper and yellower green, 

 which, a few hours before the perfect insect 

 emerged, became suffused with red. In the 

 centre of each wing was a minute black dot, 

 and a row of five similar dots near their lower 



borders. The point on the top of the head 

 was dark olive green above, sharply contrasted 

 on the under side with pale primrose yellow, 

 and both gradually blending into the colours 

 below." Buckler. 



Mr. Buckler has also noticed a character 

 of the caterpillar which altogether escaped 

 me. He says the whitish side-stripe " was 

 embellished on each segment by a pink or red 

 blotch in the middle of it, and a black spot 

 immediately under it; while a little in advance 

 of the red was seen the oval whitish shining 

 spiracle." 



TIME OP APPEARANCE. August, Septem- 

 ber, October, and November : it hybernates, 

 but very frequently perishes before the spring ; 

 the survivors reappear in May and June. 



Obs. At p. 77 of No. 51 of the " Ento- 

 mologists' Monthly Magazine," there is an 

 interesting note by Mr. C. W. Dale, in which 

 he says : " I found a caterpillar of Edusa 

 last October at Charmouth ; it changed to a 

 chrysalis on our journey home, and died in the 

 act of emerging at the end of March.'' This 

 is the only well-authenticated instance I have 

 met with of this species passing the winter in 

 the chrysalis state : it must be a very rare 

 occurrence. 



LOCALITIES. Clover and lucerne fields when 

 in blossom. We learn from Mr. Birchall that 

 in Ireland it is common in some seasons on 

 the south and east coast : it occurs more rarely 

 north of Dublin: appeared in profusion at 

 Killarney in 1835. The Hon. Emily Lawless 

 informs me it is occasionally abundant at 

 Lyons, in the county Kildare, both in the 

 gurden and hill wood : it is also occasionally 

 taken in one or two localities near Dalkey, 

 county Dublin. Mr. Fetherstonhaugh has 

 taken it at Glenmore, Crossmolina, and has 

 found it, but not abundantly, in the county 

 Wick low; and Mrs. Battersby records the cap- 

 ture of one specimen near the village of Stone. 

 It has been taken by Mr. Warrington near 

 Douglas, in the Isle of Man. Mr. Birchall 

 informs me of a single specimen a female 

 which he took at Largs on the 12th of Sep- 

 tember, 1852, but it is entirely omitted by 

 Dr. Buchanan White in his " Butterflies of 



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