GEOMETERS. 



135 



green, and the thorax and body yellowish ; the 

 latter is not so tapering as many of the other 

 Eupithecice" 



The MOTH appears in June and July, and is 

 not uncommon in the south of England. (The 

 scientific name is Eupithecia subnotata.) 



287. THE COMMON PUG. The fore wings 

 are rather long, i ather pointed, and of a dull 

 red brown, with an indistinct discoidal spot 

 which is sometimes entirely black, sometimes 

 entirely white, but more frequently black, 

 with a white surrounding or a white margin ; 

 nearly parallel with the hind margin, is a 

 transverse series of white crescents, termi- 

 nating in a white spot near the anal angle ; 

 there are six or eight dark transverse bars 

 along the costal margin, but these scarcely 

 reach the middle of the wing, or are very 

 faintly indicated beyond ; the wing-rays are 

 dotted with black ; there is a slender inter- 

 rupted black line on the hind margin, and this 

 is immediately followed by a pale marginal 

 line of the fringe ; then comes a dark line, 

 then a second pale line, and lastly a dark 

 line. The hind wings are plain brown, with 

 scarcely any markings, except the usual 

 slender interrupted dark marginal line. The 

 head, thorax, and body are brown. The 

 markings of the under side are more distinct 

 than on the upper ; the discoidal spot is much 

 more strongly developed. 



Mr. Crewe writes thus of the CATERPILLAR : 

 " Common as this insect is everywhere, the 

 caterpillar seems to be but little known. I 

 have inner myself beaten it, but have several 

 times reared it from the egg ; it so closely 

 resembles that of E. castiyata that it requires 

 a very practised eye to distinguish them. It 

 is slender, and tapers towards the head ; its 

 general colour is reddish-brown or dusky 

 olive ; along the centre of the back there is a 

 chain of dirty greenish, lozenge-shaped spots, 

 becoming confluent at the capital and anal 

 segments ; the spiracular line is waved 

 yellowish, and occasionally interrupted with 

 black ; the segmental divisions are orange ; 

 the whole body is studded with minute white 

 tubercles, and sparingly clothed with short 

 whitish hairs. It feeds on white thorn 



(Cratcegus oxyacantha), and is full-fed in the 

 middle of July. The CHRYSALIS ia enclosed 

 in an earthen cocoon ; it is slender and 

 delicate ; its head, thorax, and wing-cases 

 olive. The body is reddish, and sharply 

 pointed." 



The MOTH appears on the wing in May and 

 June, in England, Scotland, and Ireland. 

 (The scientific name is Eupithecia vulgata.) 



288. The Bleached Pug (Eupith^da expalUdata) . 



288. THE BLEACHED PUG. The fore wings 

 are rather broad, rather rounded at the tip, 

 and of a uniform testaceous gray colour, 

 with a large and most distinct discoidal spot, 

 which is all the more apparent from the 

 extremely pale and bleached appearance of 

 the area around it ; there are six or eight dark 

 transverse markings between the costal and 

 sub-costal rays, and these seem to indicate 

 the commencement of as many transverse 

 lines, which, however, I fail to trace ; there 

 is a waved and interrupted white line, parallel 

 with the hind margin ; the hind wiugs are 

 of the same colour as the fore wings, with 

 scarcely any darker markings, except an in- 

 distinct discoidal spot ; the head and thorax 

 are pale ; the body is pale, with a black back 

 and black sides. 



Mr. Crewe has described four varieties of 

 the CATERPILLAR as under : 



" Var. 1. Ground colour, pale canary yel- 

 low ; central dorsal line, pale brown ; down 

 the centre of the back there is a chain of 

 large, deep, rich brown, tooth-shaped spots, 

 united at the points, and bordered on either 

 side by an almost black sub-dorsal line ; dorsal 

 spots becoming faint and confluent in the 

 central dorsal line, on the anterior and pos- 

 terior segments, almost obliterated on the 

 latter ; below the sub-dorsal lines is a narrow 

 rich brown line and a row of slanting stripes 

 of the same colour ; the spiracular line is 

 yellowish ; the belly is suffused on either side 



