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as poor, and therefore necessarily as ignorant, as they 

 still are, all that was needed was a rough system of 

 patriarchal administration, a purified and somewhat 

 systematised reproduction of the native rule that we 

 replaced, a development of the then existing (now 

 unfortunately almost extinct) system of local self- 

 government by juries, and a rigid repression of all 

 crimes of violence. Under such a form of govern- 

 ment, and it has existed for a time in almost every 

 province we have acquired, the people have ever been 

 more contented and better satisfied with their lot than 

 under any of the more advanced and Europeanised 

 forms that have later always displaced it. 



Had one-fourth only of what has been expended in 

 developing the existing elaborate and unpopular sys- 

 tem of civil administration been steadily and judi- 

 ciously employed in the improvement of agriculture, 

 had even only the same energy and the same funds 

 been devoted to this purpose, that have been devoted 

 to the cause of education, the people would now be 

 comparatively wealthy, famines would have been 

 greatly limited in area, and their pressure, even 

 within these narrowed limits, greatly lessened, and 

 there would have been no necessity for those un- 

 popular cesses, license taxes, and the like, which, 

 however inevitable, create equally inevitable discon- 

 tent, and the land revenue of the country, our main 

 source of income, would have stood at at least 30* per 

 cent, above its present level. 



* If the produce were increased by 50 per cent., we could double 

 our land revenue, and yet leave all classes dependent on the land 

 better off than they are now. 



