2^2 



Kerteir nf Rerietro, iOlS',06. 



The Largest 

 Turbine Steamship 

 in the Worlds 



Cassicr's Magazine for January givts a vt-r) in- 

 teresting account of the " Carniania," the largest 

 turbine steamship in the world, which plies between 

 England and America. It is only about eight years 

 since the first little turbine, ai^propriately called 

 the " Turbinia,"' created a sensation at the Diamond 

 Jubilee celebration at Spithead, astonishing everyone 

 by the ease with which she maintained a high rate 

 of speed. This invention has now, however, been 

 so widely taken up that a turbine steamer is not by 

 any means an out-of-the-way sight. 



The " Carmania " is a monster. If she weire stood 

 up on end alongside the tall, ornate eight-story 

 Kquitable Building in Melbourne, in which the 

 Review of Reviews " has its office, she would stick 

 up into the air for such a tremendous distance that 

 the Equitable, with its 160 feet of masonry, would 

 be dwarfed. It would not cpver one-fourth part of 

 the ■' Carmania's '" towering height. She is 672 feet 

 over all in length, and her displacement is close on 

 30,000 tons. 



The turbine was first used on the short runs be- 

 tween England and the Continent, and the Welsh 

 ports and Ireland, but it was never anticipated that 

 the invention would become so widely used in such 

 a short space of time. The Cunard Company soon 

 recognised that, if they were not to be left behind 

 in the great race, they must u.se this type of engine 

 in preference to reciprocating ones, and when the 

 •■ Carmania " was built, she was fitted with it. In 

 the construction of a modern ship of this size, the 

 lay mind cannot enter. It is the building of a city, 

 compact, solid, homogeneous, a city that moves. 

 She possesses a double bottom, which may be used 

 lor water ballast to make her comfortable in any 

 sea way. Besides the double bottom, there are 

 twe'.ve bulkheads across the ship, binding her to- 

 gether, and, at the same time, insuring safety in 

 case of a collision. It would be almost impossible 

 to sink her. Her stern-frame is a massive structure, 

 weighing about 50 tons. She was designed to main- 

 tain a continuous speed at sea of 18 knots, but she 

 has attained a speed of over 20 knot.s, even when 

 n t 'n the best condition for running. 



Tpansvers* Section, Showing Arrangement of Decks, Compart- 

 ments. Stores. Etc., of the Magnificent New Cunard Liner 

 " Carmania" i 30,000 tons), wiiich recently made her maid«n 

 ...» voyage from Liverpool to New York. 



In addition to the usual telegraph and telephones 

 to the engine-room, aft bridge and bow, there is the 

 installation for the control of the whole of the water- 

 tight bulkhead doors, which are so fitted that, at 

 the will of the captain, they can be closed through- 

 out the ship in a few seconds, thus practically ren- 

 dering the vessel unsinkable. 



Another interesting instrument fitted here is a 

 submarine telephone, an appliance for locating, the 

 position of lightships or lighthouses in foggy or 

 thick weather, by means of sound waves through 

 the water. By this appliance a submarine signal 

 was recently distinctly heard as far as nine miles 

 away. On the boat's deck there is a Marconi wire- 

 less telegraph station formed, by which the ship is 

 kept in touch throughout the voyage with England 



Section of the Engines, Showing the Arrangement of the 



Propellers. 



