8 



REVIEW OF REVIEWS. 



March 1, 1915. 



ci] bringing about the hoped-for peace, 

 it precipitated a coup d'etat in Constan- 

 tinople, which, leading to the rupture 

 of negotiations, again plunged the 

 Balkans into war. 



Enver Bey Once More. 



Enver Bey, who took so prominent a 

 part in the coup d'etat of 1909, which 

 set Mohammed V. on the throne and 

 forced representative Government on 

 an apathetic and unwilling Turkey, 

 again appeared on the scene. During 

 the interval he had been directing 

 operations against the Italians in Tri- 

 poli with a success that made him the 

 idol of the populace in Turkey. The 

 day following the decision to abandon 

 Adrianople the young general, mounted 

 on a white horse, and followed by seve- 

 ral officers, rode through cheering 

 crowds to the Porte, and demanded to 

 see the Grand Vizier, aged Kiamil 

 Pasha. He met the Cabinet in the 

 Council Chamber, and, stating that the 

 nation would not endure the loss of 

 Adrianople, demanded the immediate 

 resignation of the Ministry. The Vizier 

 complied with that request, and handed 

 his formal resignation to Enver Bey, 

 who took it at once to the astonished 

 Sultan. The same evening Mahmud 

 Merket Pasha was appointed Grand 

 Vizier, the equivalent of our Prime Minis- 

 ter, and Minister of War. The other 

 new Ministers were all men determined 

 to continue the war rather than cede 

 Adrianople. We have always come to 

 regard revolutions in Asiatic countries 

 as bringing death and turmoil in their 

 train. It is remarkable how bloodlessly 

 everything was carried out, both on this 

 occasion and in 1909. It is all the more 

 regrettable that one prominent man 

 did lose his life, the redoubtable Nizam 

 Pasha, commander-in-chief of the Tur- 

 kish armies. The Young Turks did not 

 seek to kill him, but he appears to have 

 been shot in a melee precipitated out- 



side the Council Chamber by his aide- 

 de-camp firing upon Enver Bey's party. 



Hostilities Renewed. 



Severe fighting took place in the 

 Chatalja lines between the soldiers de- 

 voted to Nizam Pasha and the Young 

 Turks, but it was practically over by 

 the time the Allies received the reply 

 of the new Government to their de- 

 mands. The Ottoman note stipulated 

 the retention of the principal part of 

 Adrianople, agreed to dismantle the for- 

 tifications, but insisted upon Turkish 

 sovereignty over the Aegean Islands. 

 The Allies thereupon broke off nego- 

 tiations, and gave notice of the ter- 

 mination of the aimistice. On Feb- 

 ruary 3rd the thunder of the guns once 

 more took up the mighty diapason of 

 war, and an impotent Europe looked on 

 in alarm as the armies met again in 

 deadly grip, fearing that ere long war 

 — red war — might burst out all along 

 the bristling frontiers of those powers, 

 who, to secure peace, make even 

 greater and more costly preparation 

 for furious strife. It was only when 

 the Peace delegates left London that 

 it was learned that one of the demands 

 of the Allies had been a war indemnity 

 of iJ^40,ooo,ooo. The general view of 

 diplomats was that the Turkish reply 

 was by no means so unreasonable as 

 the Allies took it to be, but offered a 

 real basis for a settlement. 



A Case of Stale Mate. 



Adrianople still holds out, despite the 

 efforts of Bulgars and Serbs. At Scu- 

 tari the Turks have taken the offensive, 

 and inflicted severe loss on the Monte- 

 negrians and Servians, who infest the 

 place. The Montenegrians are little 

 more than guerilla fighters, and are not 

 fitted for regular siege operations. The 

 opposing armies watch each other at 

 Chatalja, where the Allies wisely re- 

 frain from breaking themselves against 



