Leading Articles in the Reviews.. 



15: 



THE CHINESE CRISIS. 



YcAN Shi Kai's Calculations. 



In the Americivi Rancio of Rei'iiws for February 



Appears an interesting character sicetch of Yuan .Shi 



Kai's career, by a writer who has but scant reverence 



for that shifty opportunist : — 



When the call c;\ini; from Peking on the heels ofrevoliuionary 

 successes Yuan accepted it, after due and decorous hesitation, 

 thinking somewhat in this wise:. If the Hankow rebels and 

 their revolt turn out to be like a hundred other uprisings which 

 preceiled it ; if they become, as they are very apt to do, a house 

 divided against itself after a few months of feverish agitation, 

 then Yuan can turn to the Manchu throne and the Regent, 

 Prince Chun (who had given him a little vacation on account of 

 •■rheumatism of the leg") and ask politely but firmly to 

 see who happened to be the saviour of the Manchu <lynasty. 

 He knew that the government forces were superior to the 

 revolutionary ones at llankow, provided ahv.ays that government 

 forces had the necessary food and aniinunition. That, 

 of course, was simply a question of money. .'\nd with his 

 tremendous international reputation, he must have thought it a 

 r uher easy matter to float a foreign loan for whatwer amount 

 ■night be needed to carry on the campaign — more especially 

 •cause the maintenance of the Manchu dynasty was as 

 nporlant to the foreign capital of more than 725,000,003 dols. 

 ready invested in China as it was to himself. But even if 

 111 impossibility came true and the rebels succeeded, he would 

 be still safe. He should have it in the hollow of his hands to 

 depose the -Manchu ruler, and, deposing him, he could turn 

 to the revolutionary countrymen of his — always remembering 

 that Yuan is a Han, not a Manchu— and politely but firmly 

 reipiest them to notice whose hand it was that pushed off the la^t 

 1 the .Manchus from '.he dragon throne. 



Unfortunately for V'uan things did not turn out 

 'luite in that fashion. 



^ Sin \ at Sen's Mlstaki;. 



Dr. Dillon, writing in the Contemporary Rci'tew, 

 ' ikes a very gloomy vi-w of the situation. He says : — 



To \x quite frank, I must go further and give it as my 

 opinion that China ii breaking up, and that Sun Yat Sen, the 

 Kcpublican in a hurry, hi^ dealt her the iou[> lie grace. Yiewed 

 from a national angle nf virion, the republican form of govtrn- 

 menl seems leaa a.hipt.'l to the comlitions now prevalent in 

 the Kar liasl. The bonds by which it keeps the elements of 

 the nation together are loose and easily severed. The degree 

 of comp.ictncss with which the provinces are united is slight, 

 and the danger of ili^cntigration is correspondingly great. The 

 evil consequences of tlii^ ^publican pressure are already making 

 ihcmselvc-s felt. The c iitripelal forces of the nation are less than 

 centrifugal. Mongoli.i is not nearly so republican as Canton. 



^1 



Black Aversion for White. 

 Fasti[)Iol's whiit women are so fond of proclaim- 

 ing their racial aversion to human bcwigs tiiat .ire 

 black that it is well at limes to know that white people 

 are even more repulsive to black. In \\\q Jmrnal 

 0/ the African Society Colonel H. Iv Rawson says :— 



III West .\frica we are told by the Oirector of the Niger 

 Delta .Mission that the unsophisticated African cnterLains 

 aversion to white peo|,|e, and when, on accidentally or iincx- 



'"^'"y meeting a whnr m.an he turns or takes to his heels, it 



because he (eels that he has come upon some unusual or 

 larthly creature, some hobgoblin, gho>t, or sprite; and when 

 lie does not lock straight in a white man's face, it is because he 

 [jelievcs in the "evil eye," and that an aquiline nose, scant 

 lips and catlike eyes afflict him. The \oruba word for a 

 l-.uro()ean means a " peeled man," and to many an African the 

 white man exudes some rancid odour not agreeable to his 

 .olfacluiy nerves. Moreover, ICuropeans are regarded as plague 



HOW THE CARNEGIE PEACE MONEY WILL BE 

 SPENT. 



Details of the European Organisation. 

 La Paix par le Droit for January loth publishes 

 an article upon the Carnegie Endowment for Inter- 

 national Peace, which says : — ■ 



The European Bureau of the Carnegie Endowment has been 

 installed, very unostentatiously, since January 1st, 1912, in 

 Paris, Rue Pierre Curie, 24 (Tel. 838.03 and 839.32), in some 

 suites of rooms in a buiUHng in the 5th ward, in the neighbour- 

 hood of the Institut Oceanographiqiic and the laboratories allotted 

 to the widow of the great savant to whom we owe the discovery 

 of radium, in the very centre of that district of schools which is 

 enlivened by the overflowing life of the University of Paris. 

 Provided with the working instruments of a modern " Office " 

 the Bureau will be for Europe, and in due time for Asia and 

 -Africa, the executive organ of the decisions of the Third 

 Division of the Carnegie Endowment. 



Its mission will be to transmit the communications of that 

 department to the organisations or the personages interested ; to 

 gather together their replies, and to study propositions relative 

 to the propaganda. It will be the seat of the niinioiis of the 

 European Council. I'o assist it in its function the pdrsonttfi 

 of the Bureau (M. J. Prudhonnau.-c has for an efticient secretary 

 and colleague M. J. L. Puech, Doctor of Laws, secretary of the 

 French .Society for Arbitration between Nations) will have 

 recourse to the authorised opinions of national " cor- 

 respondents " in the principal countries of the Old World, 

 chosen from amongst the most experienced leaders of the Peace 

 Movement. 



Charged to do its utmost to foster amicable international 

 relations, the BureaiS will dcjyote itself to that part of its work, 

 while extending to the delegates c(f tKe endowment and to all 

 friends of peace from abroad a welcome whose cordiality 

 will atone for its informality. Let us add finally that as the 

 functioning of the Bureau — as we have just definea it — will give 

 rise to considerable circulation of funds, the Third Division of 

 ' the Carnegie Endowment, by a selection which will win 

 universal approval, has appointed .as auditor or examiner of 

 accounts of the European secretaryship -M. Theodore Ruyssen,- 

 President of L' Association de la Paix par le Droit. 



To make the reader fully acquainted with the resolutions of 

 the W ashinglon Trustees we will make a few last extracts from 

 the report of the AWi' i'oik 'limes; "'The work of propaganda 

 in Europe will be conducted by the Berne International Bure-au 

 of Peace, with the help of grants which it will receive from the 

 Carnegie Endowment. . . . The considerable activity of the 

 central office of International Associations, established at 

 Brussels under the direction of .\I. H. La Eontaine, will also 

 receive financial encouragement and support. The Endowment 

 will give its support to the principal organs of the Pacificist 

 Press in Europe, . . . ."Special correspondents have been chosen 

 in the centres of public opinion, Paris, London, Kerlin, Vie'nna, 

 and Tokio ; and, thanks to them, the Thiid Division of the 

 Carnegie Endowment will Ix; kept accurately informed of the 

 general slate of public opinion as to the extent to which the 

 great causes which the Endowment pioposcs to serve receive 

 benefit from these conferences," 



From this it would seem that M. Prudhonnaux 

 and M. I'uech arc to constitute the real brain of the 

 Carnegie Fund in luirope. Some idea can be formed 

 of M. I'uech by an article of his entitled " .\ Survey 

 of 191 1," which appears in the same number of 

 La Paix par le Dro:t. 



