iNTKObXJC'TIOtf. 11 



2. Shores of Magdalen Islands. 



11 3. Coasts, bays, harbours, and creeks of Labrador, from 

 Mount Joli, eastwardly and northwardly. 



Liberty to Dry and Cure Fish in 



Bays, harbours, and creeks for the time being unsettled of 



1. Coast of Newfoundland Cape Ray to Rameau. 



2. Coast of Labrador. 



Renunciation of liberty to take, dry, or cure fish on or within three 

 miles of all other coasts, bays, creeks, or harbours. 



Proviso for entry to such bays or harbours for shelter, repairing 

 damages, wood, and water, and for no other purpose whatever. 



This comparison shows the following facts : 



1. The liberties of the 1818 treaty are very much more restricted 

 than those of the 1783 treaty. 



2. Some of the liberties of 1818 were new, that is, they had not 

 been conceded in 1783. 



REASONS FOR CONCESSION. 



Concession of 1818. The motives which actuated this new con- 

 cession of fishing liberties are very clearly disclosed in the contempo- 

 raneous correspondence. The British Government absolutely re- 

 pudiated all assertion of right upon the part of the United States, 

 but yielded to the other considerations which were urged upon them, 

 namely, friendship and regard for the benefits which would accrue 

 to American fishermen, among whom were (App., p. 66) 



multitudes of people who were destitute of any other means of 

 subsistence, 



and who would thus be 



afforded the means of remittance to Great Britain in payment for 

 articles of her manufactures exported to America. 



BRITISH STATUTE, 59 G. Ill, C. 38. 



1819. The British Parliament passed a statute intituled "An Act 



to enable His Majesty to make regulations with respect to the taking 



and curing fish on certain parts of the coasts of Newfoundland, 



Labrador, and His Majesty's other possessions in North America, 



according to a convention made between His Majesty and the 



12 United States of America," and in pursuance of that statute 

 an Order-in-Council was passed (19th June) containing in- 

 structions of general character to the Governor of Newfoundland. 

 (App., p. 565.) 



SOVEREIGNTY IN NEWFOUNDLAND. 



18%%-3. Question having arisen between the United States and 

 France as to the validity of the latter's claim to the exclusive right of 



