528 MISCELLANEOUS 



Colonies and of the United States were admitted to each country, 

 respectively, free of duty. The Treaty was to remain in force for 

 ten years, and further for twelve months after either party should 

 have given notice to the other of its wish to terminate the same. 



Some difficulty was experienced in regard to Newfoundland, but 

 at length a clause was agreed to, providing that if the Imperial Par- 

 liament of Great Britain, the Provincial Parliament of Newfound- 

 land, and the Congress of the United States should agree that New- 

 foundland should be included, all the provisions and stipulations of 

 the Treaty should apply to that Colony. 



The Commission for the designation of the places reserved to each 

 country from the common right of fishing met subsequently, and was 

 engaged for some years in determining the places to which the ex- 

 clusive right of fishing applied. It is, however, unnecessary here 

 to do more than notice this fact, as the reservations in question are 

 expressly mentioned under Article XX of the Treaty of Washing- 

 ton of 1871. 



From the year 1854 until 1865 the Reciprocity Treaty continued 

 in force, and no further difficulties appear to have arisen on questions 

 connected with the Fisheries ; but on the 17th of March of that year, 

 Mr. Adams, the United States Minister in England, informed the 

 British Government that he was instructed to give notice that at 

 the expiration of twelve months from that day the Reciprocity Treaty 

 was to terminate. This notice was given in pursuance of a Resolu- 

 tion of Congress approved by the President of the United States. 



Efforts were made on the part of Her Majesty's Government to- 

 ward a renewal of the treaty, but these, from various reasons, prov- 

 ing unsuccessful, the Treaty came to an end on the 17th of March, 

 1866; and, as a consequence, the provisions of the Convention of 1818 

 revived on the same day, and remain in effect at the present moment, 

 except in so far as they are affected by the stipulations of the Treaty 

 of Washington of 1871. 



In the mean time a notice had been issued by Lord Monck warning 

 the citizens of the United States that their right to fish in British 

 waters would cease on the 17th of March, 1866 ; and it became neces- 

 sary to consider what measures should be adopted for the protec- 

 tion of British rights. Her Majesty's Government were very de- 

 sirous to prevent, as far as possible, the injury and loss which must 

 be inflicted upon citizens of the United States by a sudden with- 

 drawal of the privileges enjoyed by them for twelve years; but with 

 every desire in this direction, they found themselves bound by acts 

 both of the Imperial and Colonial Legislatures to enforce severe 

 penalties upon all persons, not being British subjects, who might be 

 found fishing within British jurisdiction. 



Eventually, however, on the suggestion of Lord Monck, it was 

 decided that American fishermen should be allowed during the year 

 1866 to fish in all provincial waters upon the payment of a nominal 

 license fee, to be exacted as formal recognition of right. This sys- 

 tem, after being maintained for four years, was discontinued, owing 

 to the neglect of American fishermen to provide themselves with 

 licenses; and in 1870 it again became necessary to take strict measures 

 for the enforcement of British rights. Orders were given to Admiral 

 Wellesley to dispatch a sufficient force to Canadian waters to insure 

 the protection of Canadian fishermen and the maintenance of order. 



