BRITISH, COLONIAL AND OTHER CORRESPONDENCE, ETC. 541 



A large number of fishery officers is employed by the Government 

 of the Dominion in the maritime states at an annual cost of about 

 $75,000. This staff is actively engaged under an organized system 

 controlled by the department of marine and fisheries, in fostering 

 and superintending fish culture in the rivers and estuaries. Regu- 

 lations are enforced for the protection of these nurseries, and con- 

 siderable expense has been incurred in adapting and improving the 

 streams for the reproduction of river fish. 



The intimate connection between a thriving condition of river and 

 estuary fishings and an abundant supply in the neighboring deep- 

 sea fisheries has not, perhaps, as yet been sufficiently appreciated. 

 It is, however, obvious that the supply of bait-fishes thus produced 

 attracts the deep sea-fish in large numbers. Their resort is conse- 

 quently nearer inshore than formerly, and the catch of the fishermen 

 who have the privilege of inshore fishing is proportionately in- 

 creased, while they pursue their operations in safer waters and 

 within easier reach of supplies. In addition to the measures above 

 described for the increase of the fisheries, special care has been de- 

 voted to the protection of the spawning-grounds of sea fishes, and 

 the inshores now swarm with valuable fish of all kinds, which, owing 

 to the expense incurred by the Canadian Government, are now 

 abundant in places hitherto almost deserted. 



It will also be necessary for the proper maintenance of these im- 

 provements and for the preservation of order in the fishing-grounds, 

 as well in the interest of the United States as of the Canadian fisher- 

 men, to supplement the existing fisheries service by an additional 

 number of officers and men, which will probably entail an increase 

 of at least $100,000 on the present expenditure. 



In all these important advantages produced by the restrictions 

 and taxation imposed on Canadians, United States fishermen will 

 now share to the fullest extent, without having as yet in any way 

 contributed toward their cost; it may then fairly be claimed that 

 a portion of the award to be demanded of the United States Govern- 

 ment shall be in consideration of their participation in the fruits 

 of additional expenditure borne by Canadians to the annual extent, 

 as shown above, of nearly $200,000. 



SUMMARY. 



The privileges secured to United States citizens under Article 

 XVIII of the Treaty of Washington, which have been above de- 

 scribed particularly and in detail, may be summarized as follows: 



1. The liberty of fishing in all inshore waters of the Dominion; 

 the value of which shown by the kinds, quantity, and value of the 

 fish annually taken by United States fishermen in those waters, 

 as well as by the number of vessels, hands, and capital employed. 



2. The liberty to land for the purpose of drying nets and curing 

 fish, a privilege essential to the successful prosecution of fishing 

 operations. 



3. Access to the shores for purposes of bait, supply, <&c., includ- 

 ing the all-important advantage of transferring cargoes, which en- 

 ables American fishermen to double their profits by securing two or 

 more full fares during one season. 



