568 MISCELLANEOUS 



during which time he contracted, by his courteous and humane con- 

 duct, a friendship with the natives. He left behind him some of his 

 people, to form the foundation of a colony ; but, as the fishery was the 

 main object of the English, the planting of Newfoundland was not 

 attended to. 



In 1614, Captain Whitburn, who had made several fishing voyages, 

 carried with him this year a commission from the Admiralty to em- 

 pannel juries, and investigate upon oath divers abuses and disorders 

 committed amongst the fishermen on the coast. By this commission 

 he held, immediately on his arrival, a court of admiralty, where com- 

 plaints were received from an hundred and seventy masters of ves- 

 sels, of injuries committed, variously affecting their trade and navi- 

 gation. 



In 1616, Doctor William Vaughan, who purchased from the pat- 

 entees a part of the countrv included in the patent, settled a small 

 colony ol his countrymen, from Wales, in the southernmost part of 

 the island, (which he named Cambriol,) now called Little Britain. 

 He appointed Whitburn governor ; and his scheme was for the fishery 

 of Newfoundland to go hand in hand with his plantation. 6 



In 1621, Sir George Calvert, afterward Lord Baltimore, obtained 

 a grant from King James, of that part of Newfoundland situated 

 between the Bay of Bulls and Cape St. Mary's, in order that he might 

 enjoy that free exercise of his religion (being a Catholic) which was 

 denied him in his own country. The same spirit drove at this time 

 crowds of Puritans to New England. How it was managed to grant 

 this property to Sir George Calvert, without invading the right of 

 the company, of which it certainly formed a part, is not accounted for. 



Sir George sent Captain Edward Wynne, who held the commission 

 of governor, before him, with a small colony, and in the meanwhile 

 embarked his fortune and talents, and engaged all the interest of his 

 friends, in securing the success of his plan. Ferryland, the place 

 where Wynne settled, was judiciously chosen. He built the largest 

 house ever erected on the island, with granaries, storehouses, &c., and 

 was, in the following year, reinforced by a number of settlers, with 

 necessary implements, stores, &c. He erected a saltwork also, which 

 was brought to considerable perfection ; and the colony was soon after 

 described, and with truth too, to be in a very flourishing condition; 

 and so delighted was the proprietor, now created Lord Baltimore, 

 with the prosperity of the colony, that he emigrated there with his 

 family, built a handsome and commodious house and a strong fort at 

 Ferryland, and resided many years on the island. 



About the same time, Lord Falkland, then Lord Lieutenant, sent 

 a colony from Ireland to Newfoundland; but Lord Baltimore's de- 

 parture soon after for England, to obtain a grant for that part of 

 the country called Maryland, prevented the growing prosperity of 

 his colony, which he called Avalon, but which, however, he still re- 

 tained, and governed by his deputies. 



Vessels of not more than 35 tons made voyages to Newfoundland about this 

 time. 



& Anderson on Commerce, vol. i, p. 495. 



c Tnis was the ancient name of a place in Somersetshire on which Glaston- 

 bury now stands, and is said to be the spot where Christianity was first 

 preached in Britain. Lord Baltimore, with the idea that his province was the 

 place in America where Christianity was first introduced, named it Avalon. 



