676 GEOGBAPHICAL DATA. 



Gun Point shoals are a group of rocky heads on a narrow ridge 

 extending westward nearly 1J miles from the shore at a place 1.600 

 yards northeastward of Gun point. The shoalest spot, with a depth 

 of 3 fathoms, bears 320, distant 1,400 yards from Gun point, and 

 around it are depths of 4 to 5 fathoms. Westward of the ridge there 

 are depths of less than 10 fathoms for a distance of 3 miles from the 

 land. 



The Whaleback [Lat. 49 46' 30" K, Long. 57 55' 30" W.] is a 

 narrow ridge of rocks; near its middle, bearing 288, distant 1 mile 

 from Martin point, is a small mushroom-shaped rock that dries 4 

 feet, and from it the ridge with depths of less than 5 fathoms extends 

 southwestward 900 yards and northeastward 1,300 yards. There are 

 several spots of 1 to 2 fathoms on the ridge, both sides of which are 

 steep-to, but especially the northwestern, where the 20-fathom con- 

 tour line is distant but little over 200 yards. In thick weather, there- 

 fore, the lead is not to be depended on when standing toward the 

 shoal. 



The coast from the bight eastward to Martin point continues about 

 northeastward 1J miles to Gulls marsh, where there is a canning fac- 

 tory on the stony beach, and from which a trail leads through the 

 marshes to Western Brook pond, where the factory people keep a 

 small boat for hunting purposes. 



At nearly 2 miles northward from Gulls marsh the beach becomes 

 sandy, and Western brook, a small stream flowing from Western 

 Brook pond, runs some little way behind it and falls into the sea. 

 Northward of this the coast becomes rocky and, with a small bight, 

 forms the projection known as Broom point, on which there are a few 

 cottages. Two ridges of dry rocks extend about 500 yards westward 

 from the point, and in the bight between them there is a landing stage 

 and fish store. The outer ends of these ridges are steep-to, but off the 

 sandy beach southward of the mouth of Western brook there are 

 depths of less than 3 fathoms for upward of 600 yards from the shore ; 

 to this distance, and often beyond it, the sea is frequently discolored 

 by the water from the brook. 



St. Pauls lay [Lat. 49 51' 15" N., Long. 57 50' 30" W.], lying 

 between Broom point and St. Pauls point, north-northeastward, dis- 

 tant 3J miles, extends about 1 mile eastward of the line joining the 

 headlands, and is open to seaward. The shores are low and stony, 

 the bottom is foul, and the anchorage, even with the strong breeze 

 that frequently blows seaward, is unsafe. 



Basin. On the eastern side of the bay, at a break in the low shore, 

 1,200 yards wide, is the entrance into St. Pauls inlet. Inside the 

 break the shores open out into an oval basin about 1 miles long and 

 1 mile wide, which is filled with banks of sand and stones that dry. 

 It is surrounded by low marshy shores, and two channels lead from 

 the sea. 



St. Pauls inlet is about 5 miles long in an easterly and westerly di- 

 rection, with a width varying from 3 miles to mile. Inside the en- 

 trance the water is shallow, and there are several rocks, some above 

 water, and rocky patches; but a channel along the western shore, with 

 about 2 fathoms of water, leads into the deeper part of the inlet, where 

 the general depths are 7 to 20 fathoms. 



Cow cove affords good anchorage in 4 to 10 fathoms of water, dur- 

 ing northerly gales, and in moderate breezes from eastward of a 



