PHILINE. 6 



synonymy of Philine, but a reference to Adanson's work shows it 

 to be a doubtful synonym and practically useless. 



G. O. Sars has proposed an arrangement of the Scandinavian 

 Philines based upon the nature of the gizzard-plates, which may be 

 calcified or cartilaginous, and the presence and number of uncini ; 

 and his scheme forms an admirable basis for the classification of the 

 entire genus. Monterosato proposes several sectional groups based 

 on shell contour and sculpture, but as these features change gradu- 

 ally as we pass from one species to another, the names he gives are 

 hardly worth retaining. If sectional names are required the follow- 

 ing scheme may serve until a study of the anatomy of all the species 

 still unexamined, gives ground for a natural classification. 



Section PHILINE s. sir. 



Shell smooth or with spiral striae or dot-series ; type P. aperta. 

 Includes Hermania Monts., type P. scabra ; Ossiania Monts., type 

 P. quadrata Wood ; Megistostoma Gabb, type P. striata Gabb not 

 Desh.,=P. gabbi Cossm. (Cretaceous). 



Section LAONA A. Adams. 



Shell with latticed sculpture. Contains at present two species only : 

 P. pruinosa Clark and P. zonata A. Ad. 



Section JOHANIA Monts. 



Shell with an external pumice like reticulated layer. Type P. 

 vestita Phil. No other species are known to belong to this group. 



** * 



Subgenus PHILINE Ascanius. 



I have above expressed the opinion that the sections Hermania 

 and Ossiania are no aid to a right comprehension of the internal 

 relationships of this genus. As to Megistostoma, the type specimen 

 before me shows no departure of value from typical Philine, except 

 that the sculpture is not quite like that of any recent species. The 

 evidence of a thick inner lip is most unsatisfactory ; the posterior 

 lobe of the lip is more produced than in the average P. aperta, but 

 probably not more than extreme forms of that species. It is broken 

 off in the type, and so appears more rounded than it really was. 



The following table is slightly modified from Sars. It is much to 

 be desired that those species not yet sufficiently known to be inserted 

 herein, be examined and their positions indicated. 



