162 CADULUS-GADILA. 



Section GADILA Gray, 1847. 



Gadila GRAY, P. Z. S., 1847, p. 159, for Dent, gadus Mont. 



Helonyx STIMPSON, Amer. Jour. Conch., i, p. 63 (1865), for Dent, 

 clavatum Gld. 



Gadus " Montagu? Rang, 1829," CONRAD, Amer. Jour. Conch., 

 ii, p. 75, for pusillum Gabb, subcoarctata Gabb, thallus Conr. ; also of 

 GABB and some others. Not Gadus Linn. (Pisces). Ditrupa of 

 Gabb, Guppy and some other authors. Not Ditrupa Berkeley 

 (Vermes). Dentalium sp., of some early authors. 



? Loxoporus JEFFREYS, apparently undescribed, and type un- 

 known (said by Sacco to be C. subfusiformis Sars.) 



Shell decidedly curved, the general contour convex ventrally, 

 concave dorsaHy; more or less swollen near the middle or toward 

 the aperture, more tapering toward the apex ; apical orifice not con- 

 tracted by a callous ring, or with the callus far within and weak ; 

 edges not slit. Type C. gadus Mont. 



The synonym Gadus, used by some authors for this genus, seems 

 to have originated in a series of errors. The name Gadus was used 

 by Montagu for a species of Dentalium as he understood that genus. 

 It was never used by him for a genus. Rang, in his Manuel de 

 1'Hist. Nat. Moll., p. 116, 1829, seems to think that Montagu made 

 a genus Gadus. It is mentioned by him in the text under "Cresis," 

 a new genus of Pteropods. He merely says : " Nous reunissons, par 

 analogic, les genres Vaginelle de Daudin et Gadus de Montagu, 

 connus a Tetat fossile." Deshayes adopts Gadus Rang for three 

 species of Dischides and Polyschides, but from his remarks it may 

 be gathered that he would also include the species of Cadulus proper. 



It need only be added that Gadus was preoccupied when Rang 

 wrote, by Linnaeus, for a genus of fishes of which the common cod is 

 the type. 



Loxoporus JefFr. seems never to have been recognized by its author 

 in print. The genus loving Italians have adopted it for C. subfusi- 

 formis, though the etymology suggests rather its pertinence to typi- 

 cal Cadulus. 



This group, which includes a great majority of the species of the 

 genus, is more attenuated and more bent than typical Cadulus, and 

 lacks the apical slits and teeth of Dischides and Polyschides. 



There are several quite strongly marked groups of species, and 

 one, the group of C. dentalinus, will probably form a separate section 

 eventually. Meantime, a geographic, grouping of the forms, accord- 



