scale of prices is necessary in this country, to afford a fair 

 remuneration to the manufacturer of every article, it is 

 more particularly the case with the farmer : for this rea- 

 son. By the application of machinery and science, almost 

 every article of trade may be produced with less labour, 

 and consequently, cheaper, than before, and to an almost 

 unlimited extent. A very small profit therefore on each 

 article, when an immense quantity of goods is manufactur- 

 ed, yields a remunerating profit on the whole. But after 

 machinery and science have done all they can for the far- 

 mer, there is a limit, which he cannot pass, in growing corn 

 and feeding cattle. If he endeavours to pass this limit, 

 the expense becomes so great that he can realize no profit. 

 And all this becomes still more forcibly illustrated under 

 the Free Trade system. Free Trade makes the evil of our 

 money laws plainer than ever. For as by the Acts of 

 1819 and 1844, we engage to supply all the world with 

 gold at 3. 17s. 10 Jd. an ounce which is its un taxed, 

 continental price it becomes the interest of the foreign 

 merchant to receive payment in gold, rather than in com- 

 modities, because he gets gold from us at his own, com- 

 paratively, untaxed price ; but if he takes manufactured 

 goods, he must take them at our highly taxed price he 

 will therefore prefer taking gold, and buying the goods he 

 wants in some country where, taxes being lower, they can 

 afford to sell at a lower price : and this he will do till the 

 prices of English manufactured goods are forced down to 

 the Continental or American level. The English manu- 

 facturer must suffer, and will suffer severely, under this 

 system. But the English farmer will suffer soonest, and 

 will suffer most. He will suffer soonest for land in 

 America, and on the Continent, may be made to produce 

 considerable crops of corn, long before the manufacture 

 of goods can be successfully transplanted, to any very great 

 extent, from this country to another. He will suffer most 

 because, as was before said, with all the aid of capital, 

 science, and machinery, and all his own industry, perse- 

 verance, and intelligence, the supply of produce which the 



