QUESTIONS. 343 



PHILOSOPHY OF NATURAL HISTORY. 



CHAPTER I. 



OP RESPIRATION. 



rvX 



(P 85.) What are the elementary principles of atmospheric air? In 

 what proportions do these exist in pure air ? Which of these is the 

 life-sustaining principle ? How is this shown ? Upon what fluid in 

 the living system is the influence of the air essential to the continu- 

 ance of life ? What is said of its action upon the blood ? 



(P. 86 ) Describe the process of inspiration and expiration. What 

 is said of suspended breathing? of other kinds of air than atmospher- 

 ic ? of pure oxygen ? Relate the facts stated in the note, in respect 

 to various gases. In what combination only will oxygen support life ? 

 What quantity of air is ordinarily contained in the lungs of Man, after 

 an inspiration ? How much is changed, in the process of breathing ? 

 What change is effected by it, in the air? in the blood? What is 

 said of the connection between respiration and animal heat? State 

 the hypotheses mentioned in the note. 



(P. 87.) How do respiration and circulation depend upon each oth- 

 er ? What is the effect of impeded respiration ? What other impor- 

 tant purpose does respiration serve, for Man and other animals ? De- 

 scribe the combination of organs employed in speech. Describe the 

 process of laughing; of weeping. What are the manifestations oi 

 pain, in other animals ? Mention other important functions of the ani 

 mal economy dependent upon respiration. 



(P. 90.) What peculiarity in the respiration of^Birds ? In what re- 

 spects is this specially adapted to their wants? Upon what does their 

 power of great muscular exertion depend ? Upon what does the exist- 

 ence of red, arterial blood depend ? What experiment is mentioned of 

 Lavoisier ? The opinion of Mr. Hunter ? 



(P. 91.) On what do the power and beauty of the voice of Birds 

 depend? Explain the difference between the vocal organs of Men and 

 of Birds. Mention the facts in respect to the notes and songs of Birds. 



What is said of the lungs of Reptiles ? of their respiration ? Name 

 the experiments with Tortoises and Toads. What effect does their lim- 

 ned respiration have upon the temperature of their blood? upon their 

 vital powers? 



