414 PHILOSOPHY OF STORMS. 



streams are nearly destitute of vegetation. Another column 

 of water appears to have burst here, and made three or four 

 ravines, which converge into one a few hundred feet below. 

 At half past eight o'clock, A. M., we entered a part of the in- 

 clined plane called Chasquitas Abaxo and Chasquitas Arriba. 

 The ravines here are very numerous and some are so close to- 

 gether that there is hardly space sufficient to pass between 

 them. Within a hundred yards, I crossed eleven, which 

 were all formed in 1826, and in the upper part of Chastiquas 

 Arriba the surface was cut into almost innumerable trenches 

 of various depths, according to the force of the water, or the 

 compactness of the lava. 



When we gained the top of a rather steep acclivity, called 

 Lorno de la Calavera, we met with a new barranco run- 

 ning into an ancient one of the same name as the hill ; and 

 about three quarters of a mile from it, we came to Barranco 

 Juradillo, which is of an immense breadth and depth. At 

 the spot where we crossed it, the torrent had divided itself 

 into two branches, forming a sort of islet in the centre. 

 The sides of the ravine were composed of various strata of 

 lava and mud; the superior stratum was basaltic trap, occa- 

 sionally inclined to a columnar formation; the second was a 

 brown volcanic mud, about ten feet thick, below which was 

 trap in laminar masses, volcanic breccia, and a sort of colori- 

 fic earth. A short distance beyond Juradillo we passed on 

 our left hand a hill of pumice, which had been cut down 

 in a perpendicular manner to the depth of at least eighty 

 feet, by the water-spout of 1826. 



Moray Floods, 3d August, 1829. 



199. The following documents were sent me by Graham 

 Hutcheson, Esq., of Glasgow. 



The following tables, viz. I., II., III., IV., V. and VI., are ex- 

 tracted from a book, entitled, "An account of the great floods 

 of August, 1 829, in the province of Moray, and adjoining dis- 



