82 PHOTOGRAPHY FOR NATURALISTS. 



photography of flowers. The caterpillar on page 78 

 was observed and taken in situ. Caterpillars, like 

 everything else alive, have their characteristic attitudes, 

 and it is, therefore, worth while directing attention to 

 the figure, which represents fear and indignation on the 

 part of a caterpillar. In the matter of form and 

 markings alone some caterpillars are interesting enough 

 to justify us in wishing to preserve a record of them. 

 We may instance those of the puss-moth, the magpie- 

 moth, and the hawk-moths generally. Once caught 

 they are very easy subjects. The catching, however, 

 is not an easy matter to the novice. It may be 

 mentioned that the first requisite for the caterpillar 

 hunter is a knowledge of the plants on which his quarry 

 feeds, the second the knowledge whether such plants as 

 he finds have been so fed upon recently. If he is sure 

 on these two points, his search will probably be 

 successful. Cocoons are sometimes very beautiful, but 

 no one but a very keen entomologist can raise much 

 enthusiasm over a moth chrysalis. It must be borne in 

 mind, however, that a complete photographic record of 

 a moth or butterfly will show all its externally different 

 formations, and that, therefore, the chrysalides must 

 not be neglected. 



Passing from the lepidoptera to the hymenoptera 

 (why did not our Anglo-Saxon ancestors classify ?) 

 we find that, with one very important proviso, they 

 also may as well be photographed dead as alive. 

 The proviso is that dead specimens must be fresh. 

 Every boy is familiar with the common wasp. If he 



