MONKEY. 



261 



organs, it is found that there is a very considerable 

 resemblance between them and the sloths, and also 

 between them and the kanguroos, which are ground 

 animals, and quite different in their appearance and 

 their other habits. But though the species of this 

 genus, or, at all events, some of them, are very plen- 

 tiful, it should seem that their habits in a state of 

 nature are obscure, as compared with those of the 

 more active monkeys ; for we know exceedingly 

 little of the conduct of any of the species in the 

 forests. 



The entellus is an animal of somewhat singular 

 appearance, of which some idea may be obtained 

 from the annexed cut. 



It is generally said that this is the species to which di vine 

 honours are paid by the Hindoos ; and it is by no 

 means unlikely. Quiescence, and, in some instances, 

 complete and stubborn repose, even in attitudes which 

 are exceedingly painful, as well as unnatural, is the 

 measure of sanctity ; and thus the apparent gravity of 

 this animal, its meagre form, and staid and melan- 

 choly face, may be good grounds for that adoration 

 which it is said to receive from the Brahmins. The 

 Hindoos not only regard this species with religious 

 veneration, but treat it with the greatest kindness and 

 forbearance, and, in consequence of this, it is exceed- 

 ingly familiar in the villages of the natives, where it 

 plunders the gardens, and even enters the houses, 

 and helps itself to such fruits as it may find, whether 

 the owners are within or not ; and though these are 

 at their meals, and it comes and seizes a large share, 

 they never offer it any violence. It is, in fact, one 

 of the most privileged of animals ; and those loath- 

 some insects, for whose accommodation and comfort 

 hospitals are built and endowed, and attendants ap- 

 pointed, at Broach and other places, do not stand 

 higher in the calendar of saintship than the entellus 

 monkey. Though this is a very slow animal in its 

 walking motions, the length of its legs make it a most 

 expert leaper, more so perhaps than any other of the 

 oriental species. 



The Negro Monkey (S. maurus}. This is the mid- 

 dle-sized black monkey of some authors ; but, though 

 it has got the name of the negro monkey, it does not 

 inhabit the country of the negroes, but the eastern 

 isles. Java is the island in which it has been prin- 

 cipally observed by Europeans ; but there is little 

 doubt that it extends over the other islands. We owe 



the only good description of this, as indeed we do of 

 very many of the animals of the oriental isles, to Dr. 

 Horsfield, whose very able description we shall quote, 

 in preference to taking one at second hand, or of 

 making it up with additions from authorities less 

 worthy of credit. " The covering of the negro mon- 

 key," says Dr. Horsfield, " in adult subjects, is in- 

 tensely black on every part, except the breast, the 

 abdomen, the inner side of the extremities, and the 

 root of the tail ; these parts are grey. On the crown 

 of the head the black hairs are slightly tipped with 

 grey ; and as age advances, the grey portion becomes 

 more extensive, and also shows itself on the upper 

 parts of the body ; but the extremities exteriorly, and 

 the tail, even in the oldest subjects, retain their black- 

 ness. The hairs are remarkably long, delicate, sofr, 

 arid silky. On the sides of the head they are dis- 

 posed backwards with a slight inclination outward, 

 and on the ears completely conical. They rise with a. 

 gradual slope on the forehead ; but on the crown of 

 the head they are suddenly deflected, so as to form 

 a dependent crest. On the back and the extremities 

 they lie smooth and close. They are greatly elon- 

 gated on the sides of the body, between the shoulders, 

 so as to hang down to a considerable length when 

 the animal walks on all fours. On the breast an- 

 teriorly, and on the abdomen, they are short, lax, and 

 straggling. In its young state it exhibits a great con- 

 trast to that in the adult. Immediately after the birth 

 our animal has a fulvous or reddish-yellow colour ; 

 as it advances in age, the colour gradually changes. 

 A grey discolouration first shows itself on the hands, 

 the forehead, and the tip of the tail : from these parts 

 it gradually extends to the neck, the shoulders, and 

 the flanks, and assumes from time to time a darker 

 hue, until the coat of the animal is jet black above, 

 and grey underneath. The face is regularly circum- 

 scribed by hairs, which are long, and closely applied 

 to the head ; the forehead, which is gradually sloping-, 

 is entirely concealed by them. The orbits of the eye 

 are rather prominent, and the bones of the nose short. 

 The nose consists of an angular ridge, which is con- 

 siderably elevated between the eyes, and terminates, 

 without any fleshy protuberance, by a membrane 

 which is gradually attenuated below, and on each 

 side of which the nostrils are placed. These are 

 large, oblong, slightly curved, and pass backwards 

 into the cranium in a horizontal direction. From the 

 termination of the nose to the mouth a considerable 

 space intervenes ; but the lips are small and thin, so 

 as to exhibit, when slightly retracted, the interior of 

 the mouth. The chin is short and small ; a circle of 

 grey hairs encloses the mouth in the adult animal, 

 and on the chin the hairs have a disposition down- 

 wards, so as to exhibit the appearance of a beard. 

 The upper part of the face is nearly naked ; a few 

 straggling stiff hairs are scattered on the cheeks and 

 the upper lip, and on the more prominent part of the 

 nose an interrupted series is observed. The irides of 

 the eyes are of a dark brown colour. The ears are 

 concealed from view by the long hairs which cover 

 the lateral parts of the head ; they are margined, and 

 both in form and disposition of external parts closely 

 resemble these organs in man. The neck is short 

 and considerably contracted. The trunk is of great 

 length, broad and robust about the shoulders and 

 breast, and gradually of smaller dimensions towards 

 the loins. The Jnittocks are marked with verv large 

 rough callosities. The mammae in the adult female 



