CHAPTER IX. 

 CHEESE AND BUTTER FACTORIES* 



Where Cheese Factories Originated. The First Cheese Factory in 

 America, Canadian Cheddars. The First Cheese Factory in Eng- 

 land. Factory-made Cheese. Tainted Milk. The Babcock Milk- 

 tester. 



CHEESE factories originated in Switzerland, where the need and 

 advantage of association in dairy work were first of all seen. 

 Forty years ago the system was established in America by Mr. 

 Jesse Williams, near to Rome, in the State of New York. In 

 the autumn of 1871 I saw Williams' original factory building, 

 which had then given place to a larger one, and was itself doing 

 duty as a hog-pen. Cheese factories exist now in thousands 

 on the continent of North America, chiefly in the northern 

 and eastern states of the Union, and in the Dominion of 

 Canada. 



The best cheese in America is said to be made in some of 

 the Canadian factories ; they enjoy a more suitable climate than 

 that of the States for cheese- making purposes. The Cheddar 

 method, with various modifications, is the one universally 

 employed. Canadian Cheddars have an established reputation 

 in the markets of this country. They are made in factories, 

 chiefly in the provinces of Ontario and Quebec, the best of 

 them in the district around Ingersoll, in Western Ontario. The 

 Canadians complain, however, that the finest English cheese 

 commands twopence per Ib. more than the finest Canadian in 

 English markets, and Professor Robertson has been over to 

 this country to learn the reason why. 



We must be prepared to admit that the finest factory cheese 



