266 



The Review of Reviews. 



IS ENGLAND EMPTYING HERSELF? 



Mr. Chkizza MoiNEV, iii the Nineteenth Century, 

 raises the quaint query, " A ' Littler ' Englajid ? " He 

 calls alarmed attention to the increase of emigration 

 from the Mother Country. Since 1894 the number 

 leaving these shores as emigrants in the year has risen 

 from 38,000 to about 262,000 in iqi i — the largest total 

 yet on record. This e.xtraordinary increase has taken 

 place, not as in the old days, in a time of deep com- 

 mercial depression, but in a time of abounding pros- 

 perity. Mr. Money ascribes the increase to the way our 

 Dominions oversea — first Canada, then Australia, 

 and pre.sently South Africa — are advertising their 

 attractions. At the same time, though the death-rate 

 IS sinking, the birth-rate is dwindling too. 'I'he 

 natural increase of births o\er deaths in the 

 United Kingdom in 191 1 is estimated at about 440,000. 

 Subtracting the 260,000 emigrants, the net increase is 

 only about 180.000, or only ou per cent. A further dip 

 in the birth-rate and a further rise in emigration, and 

 our population will be on the down grade ! Great 

 Britain and Ireland will take their places with declining 

 nations like France. Meantime the population of 

 Germany goes on increasing by births o\er deaths, 

 900.000 a year ; and she is actually receiving more 

 migrants than she loses. In the next decade she can 

 liardly advance less than by 8,000,000. So by 1921 she 

 will have 74.000,000, while the British Isles and 

 France together will have, say, 84,000,000. 



It is not that these i.sles are overcrowded. With a 

 first-rate coal supply, close by tide water, the United 

 Kingdom could sustain two or three times as many 

 people as at present : — 



Populated at the Uelt;i,iii rate, tlie United Kingdom would 

 contain 14,000,000 families and to house 14,000,000 lamilies 

 at the Garden City rate of six families to the acre would absorb 

 but about 24 million acres of the 77 million acres of United 

 Kingdom area. 



The suggestion of remedies is evidently not so 

 much Mr. Money's purpose in this paper as to 

 sound an alarm. True, he asks, " What are we doing 

 to advertise the natural advantages of the United 

 Kingdom to those who inhabit it ? " ]?ut agricultural 

 operations, even with the help of small holdings, 

 demand a steadily decreasing number of workers. He 

 has a fling at " the exactions of private railway com- 

 panies," which extract " an extortionate mono])ol\- 

 profit of about £50,000,000 a year," and consequenll\- 

 injure our trade at every point. He merely hints at 

 solution when he says : — 



The problem is one of a fuller economic use of our natural 

 advantages, combined wiih a livelier regard for the creation of 

 healthy and beauiiful urban and suburban dwelling-places for 

 those occupied in industrial operations. 



In the Hindustan Re^new .Mr. Abbas A. Tayebji, 

 writing on the ethics of Islam, maintains that it is a 

 mistake to think that Islam is intolerant of non- 

 Moslems, or approves of barbarity in war. On the 

 contrary, its teachings arc as humane as an\- practised 

 to-dav. 



The Revue Economique Interriationale. 



The January number of the Ra'iie Ecoiiomiqiu- 

 IntcrnationaU opens with an aiticle, by M. Jacques 

 Bardoux, on Economic .\ctivity in England, 1905-11. 

 The writer deals with the increase of British trade, 

 since 1904, and compares it with the trade of France, 

 Germany, and the United States. His article is 

 based on the statistics of the Board of Trade and 

 tables compiled by the Economist. Dr. Albert Haas 

 writes on the Baltic and White Sea Conference, and 

 Dr. H. Smissaert has an article on the proposed new- 

 Tariff Law in Holland. The form of protection 

 which the Dutch Government seeks to impose on the 

 country, he says, is not desired either by Dutch 

 industry or by Dutch commerce. M. G. Renard, 

 who contributes a paper on Technical Education in 

 France, considers some of the improvements which 

 are needed. 



The Mahamandal Magazine. 



A MAGAZINE which I liave never seen before 

 reached me last month, entitled The Mahantandal 

 Altigaziiif. It is a socio-religious magazine, published 

 at the head office of Sri Bharat Dharma Mahamandal, 

 Benares City. No. 2, Vol. I., has an interesting 

 article concerning the relations between the Sikhs 

 and the Hindus ; an article on " Amritsar and its 

 Recent Anti-Hindu History ; " and another interesting 

 paper which says that the Natucotai Chetties of 

 Madras — whose name I hear for the first time — have 

 spent a fortune over the repairs and renovation of 

 the great temples of Southern India ; and the 

 Chetties, who are millionaires, have not only pro- 

 tected the historic shrines of the South from the 

 ravages of time, but have given a new lease of life to 

 the indigenous decorative arts that were threatened 

 with extinction. The editor cries aloud for other 

 millionaires to follow their example in every Province 

 of India. 



Mind. 

 TuK tendency of ps\chology and philosophy to 

 concern itself more and more with the processes 

 and picducts of religion is again illustrated in the 

 January number of Mind. Mr. W. E. Hocking's 

 " Meaning of Mysticism " is an example " Hoino 

 Leone " discu.sses at length the Vedantic Absolute 

 The writer maintains that the Vedantic doctrine 

 makes elevating and possible the only life that i 

 worth living, at once human and divine, concrete ant 

 universal. It is a message of universal peace 

 Mr. H. .\. Prichard contends that moral philosophy 

 as usually understood, rests on a mistake. It is ai 

 effort to have proved to us that our sense that w. 

 ought not to do certain things, is not illusion ; w] 



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 Vtn 

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want to be convinced of this by a process which air'" 

 an argument is different in kind from our original anr * 

 unreflective ajipreciation of it. This, he argues, is al 

 illeuitimate demand. We try to base on argument I ?* 

 process that depends not on argumentative grounds.! '•''* 



