398 



The Review of Reviews. 



THE NINETEENTH CENTORY-AND AFTER. 



Several papers in the April number have been 

 separately noticed. 



SOCIALIST ASSERTIONS EXAMINED. 



Mr. W. H. Mallock writes on Socialism and practical 

 politics, and traverses three favourite Socialist proposi- 

 tions. Socialists say that the economic process is 

 crushing out the middle classes. By comparison of 

 income-tax returns it is shown that the incomes 

 ranging from £i6o to £800 a year, instead of being 

 crushed out, are showing a numerical increase thirty- 

 seven times as great as that of the whole body of the 

 rich and comparatively rich together. Henry George's 

 position that land rent absorbs increasing wealth is 

 met by the statement based on income-tax returns, 

 that between 1886 and 1909 the increase of income 

 from sources other than land was 424 millions, while 

 the gross increase from land amounted to five millions. 

 The assertion that the poorer classes are becoming 

 poorer is met by the statement that the average 

 income per head' of the population exempt from 

 income tax is £30 a year, whereas the average income 

 per head of the entire population in 1800 was £20 a 

 head. Over against the current exaggeration of the 

 present income of the rich. Mr. Mallock finds that 

 only 23 per cent, of the home-produced income of the 

 United" Kingdom is taken by those whose incomes 

 are above £800 a year. The imposition of a super-tax 

 has shown their actual total to be less than 125 millions, 

 as against Mr. Bowley's estimate of 200 millions and 

 Mr. Chiozza Money's of 250 millions. 



WILL THE MINGS RETURN TO RULE CHINA ? 



Miss Edith Blake brings to notice the curious Triad 

 Society of China, which has one-third of the Chinese 

 men in Hong Kong amongst its members, with an 

 indefinite number in China itself. It has stood for 

 centuries for the overthrow of the Manchu dynasty 

 and for the restoration of the Ming dynasty. Its 

 hopes are based on a prophecy, "It is the will of 

 Heaven that the Tsing dynasty should be overthrown 

 and the Ming reinstated." 



India's claim for religious teaching. 



Mr. A. H. L. Fraser deplores the establishment of 

 sectarian universities in India, though he expects 

 that, thanks to the munificent contributions promised, 

 both the Hindu and the Moslem Universities will be 

 established. He hopes that they will be nothing more 

 than colleges with the power of giving certain special 

 degrees. The present system, as originally founded, 

 contemplated the establishment of good residential 

 colleges where religious and moral education would be 

 effective. The departmental officers deviated from 

 this original idea, and hence has sprung the demand 

 for special moral and religious training. 

 other articles. 



Erskine Childers puts what he considers to be the 

 real issue in Ireland. The question for Great Britain, 

 moral obligation apart, is, he says, summed up in the 



words. Is the Union worth the price ? At present 

 Ireland is an insolvent burden on the taxpayers of 

 Great Britain. Mr. H. F. Wyatt finds the cause of 

 our national insecurity in the mistaken naval and 

 military economies of the Liberal Government, and 

 urges that on the outbreak of war all food in the 

 country should become the property of the Govern- 

 ment at the market rates previously obtaining, to be 

 distributed at a price fixed by the State. Mr. J- K. 

 Trotter bewails the fate of the submerged subaltern, 

 and urges certain means of relieving the pressure upon 

 his limited finances. 



THE HIBBERT JOURNAL. 



The Hibberl Journal for April is full of matter. I 

 notice elsevvhere Mr. Stanley Lee's article on " Business, 

 Goodness, and Imagination," and Mr. Robert A. Duff's 

 on the "Right to Strike and Lock-Out." The other 

 articles are for the most part philosophical. Mr. William 

 Dillon, John Dillon's brother, discusses the great 

 question "of " What is to Become of Me After Death ? " 

 with a singular absence of any allusion whatever to the ' 

 demonstration of the persistence of the individual after 

 death which is supplied by the psychical researchers, 

 spiritualists, and others. It is amazing that anyone in 

 the twentieth century could discuss the question of 

 immortality in complete oblivion of all that has been 

 done in the last half-century to bridge the grave. Mr. 

 Joseph M'Cabe replies to JI. Gerard and Mr. and Mrs. 

 Whetham, maintaining that civilisation is not in 

 danger ; that mankind is not decadent ; that all the 

 facts of the pessimists are wrong, and their statistics 

 cooked. Baron F. von Hugel discusses the religious 

 philosophy of Rudolf Eucken. Principal W. M. Childs 

 writes on " The Essentials of a University Education " ; 

 and Mr. S. P. Grundy, in a " Social Service Series," 

 discusses what public school men can do. 



THE FORUM. 



The Forum for JIarch is an unusually interesting 

 number. There is a frightfully grim article by 

 Mr. William T. Ellis, entitled " The Unspectacular 

 Famine," which gives a most gruesome account of 

 the way in which millions of Chinese are slowly 

 starving' to death as the result of the disastrous floods 

 in the Yangtze Valley. 



Mr. Isaac L. Rice contributes a paper, entitled 

 " Every Man His Own Banker," which describes 

 Senator Aldriche's scheme for creating a National 

 Reserve Association, which Mr, Rice thinks can enable 

 every man to be his own banker and emancipate the 

 democracy from the rule of the plutocrat. 



Anna Garlin Spencer has a well-informed and 

 thoughtful paper on " The Pathology of Women's 

 Work." 



Mr. James S. H. Umsted has a paper on " Mint 

 Apathy." He thinks that siUcr is looking up in the j 



world ; and that to-day the silver market possesses a 

 judicial power of self-help which it has not had in 

 decades. 



