360 THE PHYSIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION 



records a large series of cases in which menstruation entirely ceased 

 after ovariotomy. 1 



Morris 2 gives an account of a woman aged twenty, who suffered 

 from amenorrhcea, her uterus being infantile. He states that he 

 transplanted on to her fundus uteri an ovary which he obtained from 

 another woman, aged thirty. The transplantation is said to have 

 been successful, inducing menstruation after two months. In another 

 case Morris 3 states that he transplanted an ovary into a woman 

 whose own ovaries had been previously removed, and that the graft 

 was so far successful that conception, followed by a normal pregnancy, 

 occurred as a result. It has been suggested, however, that in this 

 case a portion of the woman's original ovary may have been left 

 behind, and that this accounted for the pregnancy (cf. p. 359). Glass 4 

 describes a case of a patient who was suffering from menopause 

 troubles due to the extirpation of the ovaries. After the transplanta- 

 tion of an ovary from another woman had been effected, the patient 

 was gradually restored to health and menstruation was renewed. 

 Dudley 5 mentions a case in which a double pyosalpinx was removed, 

 and the right ovary implanted on the fundus uteri. The patient 

 menstruated regularly afterwards. Again, in a case recorded by 

 Cramer of Bonn, 6 the ovary of a woman suffering from osteomalacia 

 was extirpated and transplanted into a second woman whose genital 

 organs were much atrophied. As a result of the graft the genital 

 organs of the woman in whom the ovary was transplanted became 

 normal, menstruation started once more, and the breasts secreted 

 colostrum. In none of these cases, however, is there any record of 

 post-mortem evidence showing that the transplanted ovaries had 

 become successfully attached. 



Halban 7 states that he found in monkeys that, whereas menstrua- 

 tion ceased after double ovariotomy, it recurred again after ovarian 

 transplantation, even though the ovary was grafted in a position 

 different from the normal one. 



1 The continuance of menstruation after the removal of two ovaries may be 

 due to the presence of accessory ovaries which are occasionally known to exist. 

 Oliver says that ovariotomy, even when the ovaries are removed with a portion 

 of the broad ligament, does not necessarily stop menstruation ("On the 

 Question of an Internal Secretion from the Human Ovary," Jour, of Physiol., 

 vol. xliv.,-1912). 



2 Morris, "The Ovarian Graft," New York Med. Jour., 1895. 



3 Morris, "A Case of Heteroplastic Ovarian Grafting followed by Pregnancy, 

 etc.," New York Med. Jour., vol. Ixix., 1906. 



4 Glass, " An Experiment in Transplantation of the Entire Human Ovary," 

 Medical News, 1899. 



5 Dudley, "Uber Intra-uterine Implantation des Ovariums," Inttrnat. Gyn. 

 Congress, Amsterdam, 1899. 



6 Cramer (H.), "Transplantation menschlicher Ovarien," Milnchen. med. 

 Wochenschr., 1906. 



7 Halban, "Uber den Einfluss der Ovarien auf die Entwickelnng des 

 Genitales," Sitz.-Ber. Akad. Wissenschaft, Wien, vol. ex., 1901. 



