45 MODERN SEA FISHING 



occasionally they may be seen breaking the surface, when they 

 have even been mistaken for pilchards. Most frequently those 

 of a size shoal together. The size of hook to be used neces- 

 sarily varies very much. For the little chads the smaller of the 

 two hooks given in the illustration should be tried, while 

 for large fish in very deep water the larger hook shown would 

 be about the right size. In the daytime the tackle should be 

 much finer than at night. Be provided with a large landing 

 net. They are a difficult fish to gaff. 



There are several varieties of bream found in salt water, 

 most of them resembling one another in 

 shape. First, perhaps, in importance is 

 the PANDORA, or KING OF THE BREAMS 

 (Pagellus erythrinus}. This is a gorgeous 

 scarlet fish, shaded with orange, and when 

 fresh caught, with purple and silvery 

 sheens glistening about it. Sometimes it 

 has blue spots. Day considers that the 

 fish named BECKER by Couch is a de- 

 BREAM AND CHAD formed or mutilated example of the Pan- 

 dora. It is by no means an uncommon 

 fish in British waters on the south and 

 west coasts of England, but is not often found in the north. 

 It does not swim in such large shoals as the common bream, 

 but otherwise in its habits closely resembles that species. The 

 term GILT-HEAD is often applied to the common bream, but 

 it more properly belongs to Pagrus auratus. Pennant was 

 apparently the first to confuse the two species. The true 

 gilt-head is a silvery fish, the peculiarity from which it derives 

 its name being a crescent-shaped band of gold crossing its 

 head between the eyes. It is more common in. the Mediter- 

 ranean than in British waters. 



The BLACK BREAM, sometimes called old wife and baker 



