253 



When more than one paddock has to be watered, the tank 

 should be placed in the centre, where the fences intersect each 

 other, so that the stock in all the paddocks can have access to it. It is 

 not a good plan to leave the whole of the tank open to stock. In 

 the hot weather they are liable to get into the water to escape the 



flies and the heat, and spoil the water. 

 With a little ingenuity approaches, 

 which will permit drinking, but not 

 bathing, can be fenced off. It is need- 

 less to say that the tank should be 

 excavated in the lowest place in the 

 paddock, so that the catchment area 

 should be as large as possible where 

 the rainfall is light. In the autumn, 

 before the rains are expected, the area 

 for some distance round the dam 

 should be thoroughly cleaned up, the 

 dung and other things, likely to wash 

 into the dam and pollute the water, 

 being carefully removed. Plough fur- 

 rows should then be run leading into 

 the dam, so that every drop of rain 

 that falls has a fair chance of finding 

 its way into the reservoir provided 

 for it. 



There are various mechanical appli- 

 ances for lifting water, and w r hen some- 

 thing better than hand power is 

 required, a wind-mill will be found, 

 perhaps, as satisfactory as anything. 

 The names of the various kinds of 

 wind-mills is legion, and all have some- 

 thing to recommend them. They are 

 not expensive, and one with an angle 

 iron stand and pump complete can 

 be bought for somewhere about ^40, 

 or, perhaps less. Two pumps are 

 illustrated in this chapter. The small 

 one is made in several sizes, from 

 2^in. bore up to 3^in., the lesser bore 

 discharging i 3~5ths gallons of water 

 per minute, and the larger one 4! 

 gallons. They cost from 143. to i 55., 

 according to size. The large illustra- 

 tion shows a " Douglas Force Pump," 

 suitable for drawing water from w r ells or cisterns and forcing it up 

 to any height required. These pumps may be worked either by 

 hand, wind, horse, water, steam, or any other power, and are bored 



