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formed, and this is one of the reasons why deeper ploughing every 

 year is advocated; and when the maximum depth has been reached, 

 then the ploughing should be shallower and deeper each alternate 

 year, so as to prevent the possibility of a hard-pan forming. Hard- 



MORGAN SPADING HARROW. 



pans prevent the proper penetration of the roots of the plants and 

 the absorbtion of water by the soil, and nothing is so inimical to 

 plant life as either stagnant water near the surface, or an 

 insufficiency of water. 



