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an- light loams, loose and open, and these must be deeply cultivated 

 and thoroughly pulverised. Light soils on a retentive bottom or 

 chiy soils are unsuitable to this crop. The soil should be enriched 

 by a liberal dressing of manure rich in phosphates, such as bone- 

 dust, guano or superphosphates. Nitrogenous manures will cause the 

 plants to run to top. Turnips may be sown broadcast or drilled in, 

 the latter being preferable as permitting subsequent cultivation more 

 freely. From two to live pounds of seed is sufficient to sow an acre, 

 and the plants will have to be thinned out to about six inches apart. 

 Frequent hoeings are necessary to perfect growth. Turnips may 

 be fed on the ground or carted off and fed chopped with hay or 

 other fodder. From 75 to ico pounds of turnips per day with hay 

 is reckoned a ration for an animal weighing 1000 pounds. 



KOHL RABI is a hybrid turnip or turnip-stemmed cabbage. 

 This plant can be grown successfully when turnips cannot, and is 

 not so subject to the fly and other diseases. The seed maybe sown 

 broadcast or in drills, and subsequent cultivation should be the 

 same as for cabbages. The tops are as good as cabbage for table 

 use, and the bulbs, when young, are preferable to turnips as a 

 vegetable. 



MANGOLD WURZEL. This is an excellent root crop, both for 

 stock and in rotation for improving the ground. Mangolds may be 

 grown on salty ground, and when the crop is removed a good deal 

 of the salt is removed with them, and the ground is thus gradually 

 sweetened by successive crops. The mangold requires a plenteous 

 rainfall and does best in deep, rich, well-cultivated and heavily- 

 manured soils ; though in the matter of soils it is more accom- 

 modating than the turnip. Three or four pounds per acre sown in 

 drills and covered to a depth of about an inch is sufficient. It is 

 usual to steep the seed in water for twenty-four hours before sowing. 

 The after cultivation consists in thinning out, and in the free use of 

 the horse hoe, so as to keep the ground moist and the surface free 

 from weeds. Mangolds should be thinned out to a foot apart in the 

 rows, the rows being not less than double this distance apart. In 

 harvesting care should be taken not to bruise or injure the root, 

 otherwise decay sets in very rapidly and spreads to the whole heap. 



CARROTS. The carrot, as a Held crop, may be said to be almost 

 unknown in Western Australia, but no root is more appreciated by stock 

 of all kinds and, weight for weight, it is only slightly less nutritive than 

 the potato, while the average yield per acre is far greater. Horses 

 are particularly fond of carrots, and they should always form a part 

 of their diet if perfect condition is desired. A carrot ration keeps 

 up the milk of cows, and undoubtedly adds a richer flavor and a higher 

 color to the butter. "As clean as a carrot bed" is an old saying. The 

 carrot requires much more attention and hand labor than any other root 

 crop, and is consequently a more expensive plant to grow. The young 

 plants must be kept absolutely free from weeds if a maximum crop is 

 desired. If thoroughly rotten dung cannot be procured it is better 



