THE LIVE STOCK. 



Before treating upon the cattle, I would like to say a few words 

 about the horses required upon the farm. Unless the roads or 

 paddocks that are being cultivated are exceedingly heavy, do not go 

 in for very heavy horses. They are nearly always slow, and down- 

 right wasters of time. If you are ploughing they crawl along at the 

 rate of from a mile to a mile and a half an hour, and it is no use 

 trying to hurry them up they will spurt for a few yards and then 

 drop back again into their old gait. They are not built for fast 

 work, and they cannot do it except at great exertion to themselves. 

 They may be all there for good solid, heavy pulling, but life is too 

 short to use them where a lighter and more active h' rse will do. 

 If you can get a horse that will walk three miles an hour and do his 

 work comfortably, instead of an animal that will walk one and 

 a half miles, it means that you will do twice as much work with 

 him in the day, and this is a most important consideration, for on a 

 dairy farm time means money. In fact, in heavy ground a good, 

 strong, clean-limbed, active horse will show less symptoms of fatigue 

 after a hard day's work than a heavy, hairy-legged Clydesdale, not- 

 withstanding that the former may have accomplished half as much 

 more work during the day. The active, clean-legged horse is also 

 more adapted for general use, and can be used in the buggy and 

 spring-cart as well as in the plough and harrow. As a matter of 

 fact, really first-class farm horses are few and far between. There- 

 is a mistaken notion that any horse is good enough for a farm, and 

 never was a greater mistake made. It is this same principle carried 

 out all through that makes so many fanners poor. If you want to 

 be successful the best is not too good, and you cannot afford to sell 

 your best horses. You may sell them, but you are out of pocket in 

 the long run. We lind the same principle when applied to the 

 farmers themselves. If a lad is not so sharp and intelligent as his 

 brothers, you hear : ''Oh, make a fanner of him ; he is good for 

 nothing else ! " Well, if he is not he will never make a farmer. A 

 successful farnu-r must be intelligent, wide-awake, and a keen 

 observer. If the cleverest boys were made farmers, and their le>s 

 endowed brothers put to business, it would be better for both. 

 Some of the most successful fanners 1 have ever met with were 

 men who had good business training, and had made money at it, 

 and who went on the land from pure love of it, or because their 

 health had broken down at other work. They applied their business 

 knowledge and habits to their farm work and did well from the 



