HORSE— CARE AND MANAGEMENT. 



49 



mismanagement, as in navicular disease, 

 which latter affection will be considered 

 under the diseases of the foot. It is 

 always attended with pain, and in severe 

 cases with the formation of sufficient mat- 

 ter to require an outlet, but in very 

 restricted ulcerations, such as occur in 

 navicular disease, the pus passes into the 

 joint, and is reabsorbed with the synovia. 



Anchylosis, when it is the result of caries 

 in the two adjacent surfaces of a joint, 

 produces union between them, but in the 

 horse it is generally of a secondary kind, 

 the result of bony growths (exostosis), 

 thrown out from the surfaces of the two 

 bones near the joint, which coalescing, 

 unite into one mass, and thus destroy all 

 motion. 



HORSE, Ossification of the Lateral Car- 

 tilages. — This is commonly known as ossi- 

 fication of the cartilages, or false ring- 

 bone, no other cartilages being subject to 

 ossification, and these being therefore 

 known par excellence as the cartilages. In 

 heavy cart horses it often co-exists with 

 ringbone and sidebone, especially the lat- 

 ter; but it also attacks well-bred carriage 

 horses, and high-actioned hacks, which 

 are comparatively free from those diseases. 



The symptoms are more or less enlarge- 

 ment of the back of the coronet, and 

 heel, the part feeling unnaturally hard and 

 irregular or lumpy. If recent, there is 

 generally increased heat on careful exam- 

 ination with the hand ; but if old standing 

 cases, there is nothing of the kind to be 

 detected. Lameness is not always pres- 

 ent, but if the horse is rattled over hard 

 ground, he will be more likely to show the 

 effects on the next day, by going short 

 and sore, than if he were free from this 

 disease. 



The treatment should be confined to 

 recent cases for in old standing ones, un- 

 less lameness shows itself, it is better to 

 avoid any interference. A seton, with 

 rest, has sometimes proved very efficatious, 

 even in confirmed ossification, and re- 

 peated dressings with the biniodide of 

 mercury ointment, will, in those cases 

 where the inflammation does not run very 

 high, afford the best chance of causing 

 the absoption of some of the bone, for a 

 complete cure is never effected. When 

 there is much heat in the part, bleeding 

 from the foot may be adopted, and after- 

 wards the application of cloths dipped in 



cold water, with the addition of a glass of 

 tincture of arnica to a quart of water. In 

 confirmed cases, where the parts have be- 

 come callous, a leather sole to the shoe will 

 take off the vibration, and should be used 

 during the summer season. Scarification 

 of the skin covering the enlargement with 

 a lancet, encouraging the bleeding by 

 warm water, and followed by the use of 

 cold water as soon as the bleeding has 

 ceased, will sometimes do wonders in recent 

 cases. The scarification should be re- 

 peated at intervals of five or six days, 

 taking care to avoid injury to the coron- 

 ary substance near the hoofs, which is. 

 sometimes followed by troublesome sores.. 



Fig. 22.— Case of Ringbone and Sidebone." 

 Occurring in a Heavy Dray Horse. 



1. Os suffraginis. 



2. Os coronse. 



3. Os pedis. 



4. Complete union by ossinc matter between the 



os pedis and os coronae, but still incomplete in 

 the joint above. 



5. Complete union of the three bones. 



HORSE, FOOT, Diseases of the.— The* 

 most practical division of this subject is, 

 based upon the structures affected, so that 

 we may have diseases of the bones, of the 

 joints, of the soft tissues, and of the 

 hoof. A large portion of these are in- 

 flammations, or the results of inflamma- 

 tion. 



