1 84 



CATTLE— DISEASES AND REMEDIES. 



application is the Embrocation for Bite of 

 Serpents. (See No. 49, Domestic Ani- 

 mals, Medicines for.) 



A quart of olive oil should also be 

 given to the animal, mixed with an ounce 

 of hartshorn. Oil of turpentine may be 

 used when hartshorn cannot be procured ; 

 but it is not so much to be depended 

 upon. 



The stings of hornets, wasps, and bees, 

 in some cases produce much temporary 

 swelling and pain. If the part is well 

 rubbed with warm vinegar, the incon- 

 venience will soon subside. 



Leech-bites may be mentioned here. 

 While the animal is drinking from some 

 stagnant pool, a leech will occasionally 

 fasten itself on the muzzle, and afterwards 

 creep up the nostril, and produce a very 

 considerable, and, in some cases, danger- 

 ous, bleeding by its bites. If the leech 

 can be seen, or it is in a manner certain 

 that it has insinuated itself into the 

 nostril, a little strong salt and water 

 should be injected up the nose, which 

 will immediately dislodge the intruder, if 

 it can be brought into contact with it. 



CATTLE, Wounds.— From the horns of 

 their companions, and from the brutal 

 violence of those who look after them, 

 cattle are often exposed to wounds. The 

 treatment of them is generally simple 

 •enough, except in a joint, or the neigh- 

 borhood of one. 



The first thing is to clean the wound 

 from all dirt and gravel, which would 

 cause irritation, and prevent the healing 

 of the part. A good fomentation with 

 warm water will effect this, and at the 

 same time will help to abate any inflam- 

 mation which may probably have arisen. 



Next is to be considered the state of 

 the wound. Is it a lacerated or punctured 

 one ? If it is a lacerated wound, we 

 must try how neatly we can bring the 

 divided parts together. If there are any 

 portions so torn as to prevent us from 

 doing this completely, they should be 

 removed with a knife or a sharp pair of 

 scissors. Then, when the edges are 

 brought well' together, they should be 

 retained by passing a needle and strong 

 waxed twine deeply through them, mak- 

 ing two, or three, or more stitches at the 

 distance of half an inch from each other. 

 A surgeon's crooked needle, or a glover's 

 large triangularly pointed needle, will be 



. ^ 



necessary for this purpose. A little dry, 

 soft, clean tow should then be placed over 

 the wound, and the whole covered by a 

 bandage closely, but not too tightly ap-' 

 plied. Let none of the farrier's abomina- 

 ble tents, or pledgets of tow, be intro- 

 duced ; the intervals between the stitches 

 will be quite sufficient to permit the escape 

 of any matter that may be formed. The 

 wound should not, if possible, be opened 

 for two days after the first dressing. 



When it is at length examined, let 

 none of the hot torturing applications of 

 the furrier be used. If it looks tolerably 

 healthy, and is going on well, it may be 

 dressed with tincture of myrrh and aloes, 

 or with the Healing Ointment, No. 10, 

 or with both ; a pledget of tow soaked in 

 the tincture being put immediately on the 

 wound, and more tow, with the ointment 

 spread upon it, placed over this. 



If proud flesh should begin to spring, 

 the wound should be first washed with a 

 strong solution of blue vitriol, and then 

 dressed with the tincture; or if the dis- 

 charge is very offensive, the wound should 

 be well bathed with the Disinfectant 

 Lotion, No. 34, and then the tincture 

 applied. 



If it is a punctured wound, its direction 

 and depth must be carefully ascertained. 

 Fomentations of marsh-mallows, or pop- 

 py-heads boiled in water, should be ap- 

 plied for a few days, in order to abate in- 

 flammation, and the tincture of aloes and 

 myrrh should be injected into the wound 

 morning and night; the injured parts be- 

 ing covered if the flies are troublesome, 

 but otherwise left open. If the wound 

 runs downwards and the matter cannot 

 escape, but collects at the bottom, and 

 seems to be spreading, a seton should be 

 passed into the original orifice, and di- 

 rected as far as the very lowest part of 

 the sinus, or pipe, and there brought out. 

 There is never occasion for the introduc- 

 tion of lint into these wounds : if they 

 are well syringed with the tincture to the 

 very bottom, and a seton passed through 

 the sinus, should one happen to be 

 formed, they will do very well. 



From the yoke being too heavy, or not 

 fitting the neck, the shoulders of oxen 

 will sometimes get sadly wrung, and deep 

 ulcers will be produced, resembling fistu- 

 lous withers in the horse. These ulcers 

 are very troublesome to deal with. The 



