ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND FACTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 241 



3. Anodyne Ball (ordinary) — 



Opium ]^ to I drachm. 



Castile Soap 2 to 4 " 



Ginger - I to 2 " 



Powdered Aniseed % to I ounce. 



Oil of Caraway Seeds y z drachm. 



Syrup enough to form a ball, to be dissolved in 

 half pint of warm ale, and given as a drench. 



4. Anodyne Drench in Superpurgation, or 

 Ordinary Diarrhcea — 



Gum Arabic 2 ounces. 



Boiling Water I pint. 



Dissolve, and then add — 



Oil of Peppermint 25 drops. 



Laudanum ]/ z to I ounce. 



Mix and give night and morning, if necessary. 



5. In Chronic Diarrhoxa — 



Powdered Chalk and Gum Arabic of 



each -- 1 ounce. 



Laudanum % " 



Peppermint Water IO " 



Mix, and give night and morning. 



HORSE, Antacids. — As the term im- 

 plies, these remedies are used to neutral- 

 ize acids, whether taken into the stomach 

 to an improper extent, or formed therein 

 as products of diseases. They are often 

 classed as alteratives, when used for the 

 latter purpose. They include the al- 

 kalies and alkaline earths, but are not 

 much used in veterinary medicine. 



HORSE, Anthelmintics. — Drugs which 

 are used to destroy worms receive this 

 name in medical literature, when the 

 author is wedded to the Greek language. 

 The admirers of Latin call them vermi- 

 tuges, and in English they receive 

 the humble name of worm medicines. 

 Their action is partly by producing 

 a disagreeable or fatal impression on 

 the worm itself, and partly by irri- 

 tating the mucous lining of the bowels, 

 and thus causing them to expel their con- 

 tents. Failing, the following may be use- 

 ful: 



1. Worm Ball (recommended by Mr. Gamgee) 



Asafcetida --.2 drachms 



Calomel I# " 



Powdered Savin 1% " 



Oil of Male Fern ..30 drops. 



Treacle enough to make a balk which should 



be given at night, and followed by a purge next 



morning. 



2. Mild Drench for Worms — 



Linseed Oil I pint. 



Spirit of Turpentine 2 drachms. 



Mix and give every morning. 

 HORSE, Antispasmodics — Are medi- 

 cines which are intended to counteract 

 excessive muscular action, called spasm 

 or, in the limbs, cramp. This deranged 

 condition depends upon a variety of 

 16 



causes, which are generally of an irritat- 

 ing nature ; and its successful treatment 

 will often depend upon the employment 

 of remedies calculated to remove the 

 cause, rather than directly to relieve the 

 effect. It therefore follows that, in many 

 cases, the medicines most successful in re- 

 moving spasm, will be derived from wide- 

 ly separated divisions of the materia med- 

 ica, such as aperients, anodynes, altera- 

 tives, stimulants and tonics. It is useless 

 to attempt to give many formulas for 

 their exhibition : but there are one or two 

 medicines Avhich exercise a peculiar con- 

 trol over spasm, and we shall give them 

 without attempting to analyze their mode 

 of operation. 



1. In Colic — 



Spirit of Turpentine.— 3^ ounces. 



Laudanum... ... .... ...... \% " 



Barbadoes Aloes I 



Powder the Aloes, and dissolve in warm water; 

 then add the other ingredients, and give as a 

 drench. 



2. Clyster in Colic — 



Spirit of Turpentine 6 ounces. 



Aloes - 2 drachms. 



Dissolve in three quarts of warm water, and 

 stir the turpentine well into it. 



3. Antispasmodic Drench — 



Gin 4 to 6 ounces. 



Tincture of Capsicum 2 drachms. 



Laudanum 3 " 



Warm Water i}4 pint. 



Mix and give as a drench, when here is no in- 

 flammation. 



HORSE, Aperients. — Aperients, or 

 purges, are those medicines which 

 quicken or increase the evacuations from 

 the bowels, varying, however, a good 

 deal in their mode of operation. Some- 

 act merely by exciting the muscular coat 

 of the bowels to contract; others cause 

 an immense watery discharge, which, as 

 it were, washes out the bowels ; whilst a 

 third set combine the action of the two.. 

 The various purges also act upon differ- 

 ent parts of the canal, some stimulating 

 the small intestines, whilst others pass 

 through them without affecting them, and 

 only act upon the large bowels ; and oth- 

 ers, again, act upon the whole canal. 

 There is a third point of difference in 

 purges, depending upon their influencing 

 the liver in addition, which mercurial pur- 

 gatives certainly do, as well as rhubarb 

 and some others, and which effect is 

 partly due to their absorption into the cir- 

 culation, so that they may be made to 

 act, by injecting into the veins, as strong- 



