ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND FACTS FOR. THE PEOPLE. 327 



full every couple of minutes, if it can be 

 swallowed. Common soap (hard or soft), 

 chalk, whiting, or even mortar from the 

 wall mixed in water, may be given, until 

 magnesia can be obtained. Promote 

 vomiting by tickling the throat, if neces- 

 sary, and when the poison is got rid of, 

 flaxseed or elm tea, gruel, or other mild 

 drinks. The inflammation which always 

 follows wants good treatment to save the 

 patient's life. 



ACIDS, VEGETABLE— Acetic, Citric, 

 Oxalic, Tartaric. 



Symptoms. — Intense burning pain of 

 mouth, throat and stomach; vomiting 

 blood which is highly acid, violent purging, 

 collapse, stupor, death. 



Oxalic Acid is frequently taken in mis- 

 take for Epsom salts, to which in shops it 

 often bears a strong resemblance. 



Treatment. — Give chalk or mag- 

 nesia in a large quantity of water, or large 

 draughts of lime water. If these are not 

 at Viand, scrape the wall or ceiling, and 

 give the scrapings, mixed with water. 



ACID.PRUSSIC, or HYDROCYANIC— 

 Laurel Water, Cyanide of Potassium, Bit- 

 ter Almond Oil, etc. 



Symptoms. — In large doses almost in- 

 variably instantaneously fatal; when not 

 immediately fatal, sudden loss of sense 

 and control of the voluntary muscles ; the 

 odor of the poison generally susceptible 

 on the breath. 



Treatment. — Chlorine, in the form of 

 chlorine water, in doses of from one to 

 four fluid drachms, diluted. Weak solu- 

 tion of chloride lime or soda; water of 

 ammonia (spirits of hartshorn) largely di- 

 luted may be given and the vapor of it 

 cautiously inhaled. Cold affusion, and 

 chloroform in half to teaspoonful doses in 

 glycerine or mucilage, repeated every few 

 minutes until the symptoms are amelior- 

 ated. Artificial respiration. 



ACONITE— Monkshood, Wolfsbane. 



Symptoms. — Numbness and tingling in 

 the mouth and throat, and afterwards in 

 other portions of the body, with sore 

 throat, pain over the stomach and vomit- 

 ing; dimness of vision, dizziness, great 

 prostration, loss of sensibility and de- 

 lirium. 



Treatment. — An emetic and then 

 brandy in table-spoonful doses, in ice- 

 water, every half hour ; spirits of ammo- 

 nia in half teaspoonful doses in like man- 



ner ; the cold douche over the head and 

 chest, warmth to the extremities, etc. 



ALKALIES and their SALTS— Con- 

 centrated Lye, Woodash Lye, Caustic Pot- 

 ash, Ammonia, Hartshorn. 



Symptoms. — Caustic, acrid taste, ex- 

 cessive heat in the throat, stomach, and 

 intestines; vomiting of bloody matter, 

 cold sweats, hiccough, purging of bloody 

 stools. 



Treatment. — The common vegetable 

 acids. Common vinegar being always at 

 hand, is most frequently used. The fixed 

 oils, as castor, flaxseed, almond, and olive 

 oils form soaps with the alkalies, and thus 

 also destroy their caustic effect. They 

 should be given in large quantity. 



ALCOHOL, BRANDY, and other Spirit- 

 uous Liquors. 



Symptoms. — Confusion of thought, in- 

 ability to walk or stand, dizziness, stupor, 

 highly flushed or pale face, noisy breath- 

 ing. 



Treatment. — After emptying the 

 stomach, pour cold water on the head 

 and back of the neck, rub or slap the 

 wrists and palm, and the ankles and soles 

 of the feet, and give strong, hot coffee, or 

 aromatic spirits of hartshorn, in teaspoon- 

 ful doses in water. The warmth of the 

 body must be sustained. 



ANTIMONY and its Preparations — 

 Tartar Emetic, Antimonial Wine, Kerme's. 

 Mineral. 



Symptoms. — Faintness and nausea, 

 soon followed by most painful and con- 

 tinued vomiting, severe diarrhoea, con- 

 striction and burning sensation in the 

 throat, cramps or spasmodic twitchings, 

 with symptoms of nervous derangement, 

 and great prostration of strength, often 

 terminating in death. 



Treatment. — If vomiting has not been 

 produced, it should be effected by tickling 

 the fauces, and administering copious 

 draughts of warm water. Astringent in- 

 fusions, such as of gall, oak bark, Peruv- 

 ian bark, act as antidotes, and should be 

 given promptly. Powdered yellow bark 

 may be used until the infusion is prepared, 

 or very strong green tea should be given. 

 To stop the vomiting, should it con- 

 tinue, blister over the stomach by apply- 

 ing a cloth wet with strong spirits of 

 hartshorn, and then sprinkle on the one- 

 eighth to one-fourth of a grain of mor- 

 phia. 



