ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND FACTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 331 



Treatment — .The stomach and bow- 

 els are to be cleared by an emitic of 

 ground mustard or sulphate of zinc, follow- 

 ed by frequent doses of Glauber or Epsom 

 salts, and large stimulating clysters. Af- 

 ter the poison is evacuated, ether may be 

 given with small quantities of brandy and 

 water. But if inflammatory symptoms 

 manifest themselves, such stimuli should 

 should be avoided, and these symptoms 

 appropriately treated. 



POTASH.— See Alkali. 



PRUSSIC ACID, Hydrocyanic — See 

 Acids. 



POISON IVY. 



SYMPTOMs.-Contact with, and with many 

 persons the near approach to the vine gives 

 rise to violent erysipelatous inflammation, 

 especially of the face and hands, attend- 

 ed with itching, redness, burning and 

 swelling, with watery blisters. 



Treatment. — Give saline laxatives, 

 and apply weak lead water and lauda- 

 num, or limewater and sweet oil, or 

 bathe the parts freely with spirits of nitre. 

 Anointing with oil will prevent poisoning 

 from it. 



SALTPETRE, Nitrate of Potash. 



Symptoms. — Only poisonous in large 

 quantities, and then causes nausea, pain- 

 ful vomiting, purging, convulsions, faint- 

 ness, feeble pulse, cold feet and hands, 

 with tearing pains in stomach and 

 bowels. 



Treatment. — Treat just as is directed 

 for arsenic, for there is no antidote 

 known ; and emptying the stomach and 

 bowels with mild drinks must be relied 

 on. 



SAVLNE. 



Symptoms. — Sharp pains in the bowels, 

 hot skin, rapid pulse, violent vomiting 

 and sometimes purging, with great pros- 

 tration. 



Treatment. — Mustard and hot fomen- 

 tations over the stomach and bowels, and 

 ice only allowed in the stomach until the 

 inflammation ceases. If prostration comes 

 on, food and stimulants must be given by 

 injection. 



STRAMONIUM, Thorn-apple or James- 

 town Weed. 



Symptoms. — Vertigo, headache, per- 

 version of vision, slight delirium, sense of 

 suffocation, disposition to sleep, bowels 

 relaxed and all secretions augmented. 



Treatment. — Same as Belladonna. 



STRYCHNINE and NUX VOMICA. 



Symptoms. — Muscular twitchings, con- 

 striction of the throat, difficult breathing 

 and oppression of the chest; violent mus- 

 cular spasms then occur, continuous in 

 character like lock-jaw, with the body 

 bent backwards, sometimes like a bow. 



Treatment. — Give, if obtainable, one 

 ounce or more of bone charcoal mixed 

 with water, and follow with an active 

 emetic; then give chloroform in teaspoon- 

 ful doses, in flour and water or glycerine,, 

 every few minutes while the spasms last, 

 and afterwards brandy and stimulants, 

 and warmth of the extremities if neces- 

 sary. Recoveries have followed the free 

 and prompt administration of oils or 

 melted butter or lard. In all cases empty 

 the stomach if possible. 



SULPHATE of ZINC, White Vitrol.— 

 See Zinc. 



TIN, Chloride of Tin, Solution of Tin, 

 (Used by Dyers), Oxide of Tin or Putty 

 Powder. 



Symptoms. — Vomiting, pains in the- 

 stomach, anxiety, restlessness, frequent 

 pulse, delirium, etc. 



Treatment. — Empty the stomach, and 

 give whites of eggs in water, milk in 

 large quantities, or flour beaten up in 

 water, with magnesia or chalk. 



TARTAR EMETIC— See Antimony. 



TOBACCO. 



Symptoms. — Vertigo, stupor, fainting, 

 nausea, vomiting, sudden nervous debili- 

 ty, cold' sweat, tremors, and at times fatal 

 prostration. 



Treatment. — After the stomach is. 

 empty apply mustard to the abdomen, 

 and to the extremities, and give strong 

 coffee with brandy and other stimulants, 

 with warmth to the extremities. 



ZINC, Oxide of Zinc, Sulphate of Zinc,. 

 White Vitrol, Acetate of Zinc. 



Symptoms. — Violent vomiting, astrin- 

 gent taste, burning pain in the stom- 

 ach, pale countenance, cold extremities, 

 dull eyes, fluttering pulse. Death sel- 

 dom ensues, in consequence of the emetic 

 effect. 



Treatment. — The vomiting naay be 

 relieved by copious draughts of warm 

 water. Carbonate of soda, administered 

 in solution, will decompose the sulphate 

 of zinc. Milk and albumen also act as. 

 antidotes. General principles to be ob- 

 served in the subsequent treatment. 



