ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND FACTS FOR THE PEOPLE. 565 



it as much of the dissolved dye as will 

 give you the desired shade, and then put 

 in your goods, which, after a lapse of 

 twenty or thirty minutes, will be com- 

 pletely dyed. Wash the goods only 

 slightly, after dyeing, in pure water. 



DYEING, On Silks.— Prepare the silk 

 by carefully washing it in a solution of 

 Marseilles (castile) soap. Dye in a luke- 

 warm (about 95 ) bath, adding the dis- 

 solved fuchsine gradually; the silk will 

 take the color readily and rapidly. In 

 order to intensify and increase the bril- 

 liancy of the color, wash the silk in a 

 bath soured by sulphuric acid, or, better, 

 tartaric acid, after dyeing. If the goods 

 or ribbons require any stiffening, put 

 them through a bath containing a little 

 •dissolved gelatine or gum arabic. 



DYEING, On Cotton.— a. With soap. 

 Boil three-eighths of a pound of soft soap 

 for every ten pounds of goods in water, 

 with an addition of a little olive oil; make 

 a concentrated bath of it in a small vat, 

 at 120°, turn the goods five times, and 

 let them lie in it one hour. Then wring 

 three times, and wash them in cold wa- 

 ter, to which is added one-fourth ounce 

 sulphuric acid for every twenty-five pounds 

 of goods. Turn four times, then wring 

 four times, and dye with fuchsine in a 

 third bath, giving the dye into the bath 

 gradually, which is necessary to get an 

 •even shade. 



b. With sumac. Boil a decoction of 

 one-half pound of good sumac (Sicily) for 

 every ten pounds of goods. Filter the 

 solution and pour it into a small water- 

 bath, temperature 140 to 150 . Turn 

 the goods five times, and let them lie in 

 it one hour. Wring three times, then dye 

 with fuchsine, in a second bath, just as in 

 the above. For dark shades a little more 

 sumac may be used, but not more than 

 five or six ounces for every ten pounds of 

 goods. Too much of it would make the 

 color too yellowish. If several lots are 

 prepared in the same sumac-bath, take 

 proportionately less sumac for the second 

 and third lots than for the first. The 

 sumac decoction must not be too old; if 

 it has become sour it is useless for fuchsine 

 dyeing. Do not prepare more than three 

 lots without renewing the sumac-bath. 



DYE, Analine, Yellow. — This color dis- 

 solves entirely by simply boiling it in wa- 

 ter and filtering it 



DYEING, On Silk.— Add the solution 

 to a water-bath, soured by some acetic or 

 sulphuric acid, and dye at a temperature 

 of 140 to 170 . 



DYEING, On Wool— Dye same way as 

 for silk, only sour the bath with sulphuric 

 or oxalic acid. 



You can obtain every shade, from 

 orange to cherry-red, by shading off the 

 yellow of aniline with fuchsine. An ad- 

 dition of dissolved Marseilles soap will 

 heighten the brilliancy of the color. 



ALDEHYD, Green Powder, or Night 

 Green. — The best means for dissolving 

 this color is sulphuric acid. Take for 

 every ounce of powder about one ounce 

 of sulphuric acid, 66 s Beaume, or in 

 proportion for every dram of powder, 

 about one dram of sulphuric acid. Stir 

 well, and put the mixture 'either at once 

 into the hot dye-bath, or else dissolve it 

 before doing so in a rather large quantity 

 of hot water. 



DYEING, On Wool, Flannels, etc.— 

 Prepare the goods as follows : Mix one 

 ounce chloride of lime in cold water, 

 then add about six pounds of water to it, 

 and let it settle. Draw off the clear so- 

 lution, and bringing it up to 90* or ioo Q 

 Fahrenheit, put in the yarn, which must 

 have been well washed and be still moist; 

 draw it through for fifteen minutes, then 

 let the yarn cool off, wash again, and put 

 into a new bath of ioo° Fahrenheit, which 

 contains for every 6 pounds of water, one 

 ounce of hyposulphate of soda. Draw 

 the yarn through this bath also for fifteen 

 minutes, let it cool, and then wash again 

 thoroughly. 



Woolens or yarns prepared in this way 

 will then dye in the green bath without 

 further additions of mordant, and at a 

 temperature of the dye-bath of about 175* 

 Fahrenheit. In order to obtain light and 

 yellowish shades, add picric acid, which 

 by itself dyes yellow. The preparation 

 must be moderated more or less, accord- 

 ing to the desired shade ; at all events, it 

 must be done carefully and slightly, so as 

 not to injure the goods. 



DYEING, On Silk.— Prepare the silk 

 by careful washing in a solution of Mar- 

 seilles white (castile) soap. Dye at a 

 temperature of 125* to 175* Fahrenheit; 

 add the dissolved dye-stuff gradually to 

 the bath, when the silk will take the color 



