5 66 



MISCELLANEOUS. 



easily and rapidly. In order to intensify 

 and increase the brilliancy of the color, 

 wash the silk in a bath slightly soured by 

 sulphuric acid, or, better, cream tartar, 

 after dyeing. If the goods or ribbons re- 

 quire any stiffening, put them through a 

 bath containing a little dissolved gelatine 

 or gum arabic. Add picric acid to ob- 

 tain yellowish tints. 



DYE, Bismarck Brown. — This color 

 has become very popular, not only by its 

 own beauty, as a bright brown, but also 

 by combining readily with fuchsine in 

 topping, when it yields splendid garnet 

 and maroon shades. 



. Dissolve by adding sufficient warm wa- 

 ter to dampen the color, pouring on it 

 more water gradually till it is all dis- 

 solved. It is important to observe great 

 care in dissolving ; if the water is poured 

 on too fast, the color will not dissolve, 

 but remain as sediment at the bottom of 

 the vessel. 



DYEING, On Wool. — Prepare a hot 

 water-bath and add the color ; the goods 

 will dye readily. For maroon and gar- 

 net, dye first with fuchsine, or mock 

 crimson, and top off with the Bismarck. 



DYEING, On Silk and Cotton.— Same 

 recipes as for fuchsine, but add no acid 

 to the dye-bath, and give the dissolved 

 color to the bath in three or four install- 

 ments, so as to obtain even shades. 



DYE, Crimson. — A kind of cherry color 

 is produced by this dye. Dissolve and 

 dye exactly like aniline red or fuchsine. 



DYE, Hoffinan's Violet or Purple— Sol- 

 uble in water. No. i, reddish shade of 

 purple; No. 2, medium shade of purple ; 

 No. 3, blueish shade of purple. 



The water soluble Hoffman's are dis- 

 solved by boiling in sufficient pure water. 



Dampen first with a little boiling wa- 

 ter, in order to prevent a caking of the 

 dye. Add gradually more till all is dis- 

 solved. Filter the solution through pa- 

 per, flannel or shirting. 



These Hoffman violets, soluble in wa- 

 ter, are very valuable, not only by reason 

 of their very brilliant shades, but also by 

 the very simple method of dyeing. 



DYEING, On Wool.— The color is 

 dyed like fuchsine, without any acids 

 whatever, only the bath, to which the dye 

 has been added, is brought to the boiling 

 point. Any shade of the primula flower 

 can be obtained, and the simplicity ot 



the process of dyeing has made it also- 

 very popular in Europe for family dyeing. 

 It has proved very successful for all Hoff- 

 man's soluble in water, to add to the 

 bath, together with the dye for every 

 ten pounds of goods, one pound of dis- 

 solved gum arabic, which helps to make 

 the color even and fast on the fibre. 



Splendid gray tints are also obtained, 

 if you dye the wool only a light tint. 



DYEING, On Cotton. — Same recipes as 

 for fuchsine. 



DYEING, On Silk.— Same recipes as 

 for fuchsine, but add only a little acid to 

 the dye-bath, and give the dissolved color 

 to the bath in three or four installments, 

 so as to obtain even shades. 



DYE, Iodine Green, New Atlas Green, 

 or Vert de Chine in Paste and Crys- 

 tals. — Dissolves in water — four pounds 

 water to one-half pound of paste; fifty 

 ponds water to one-half pound of crys- 

 tals. 



DYEING, On Wool. — Two separate 

 baths are required, viz.: 



a. An alkali bath, in which the wool 

 takes the dissolved dye-stuff, but remains 

 still colorless. 



b. A sour bath, in which the dye-stuff 

 is fixed and developed upon the fibre. 



For bath a, you take three to four 

 pounds silicate of soda for every ten 

 pounds of goods ; add the dissolved dye 

 and manipulate the wool in this bath at 

 about 150° to 160 8 Fahrenheit. The 

 wool ought not to show any color in this 

 bath ; if it does, more silicate must be 

 added. 



Bath b contains only water, soured by 

 acetic acid; temperature about 150 s ta 

 160 8 Fahrenheit. A little tannin is added 

 to make the color fast. 



In order to find how far the wool has 

 been dyed in bath a, you take out a 

 small sample skein, rinse it a little, and 

 put in the sour bath b f when it will in- 

 stantly turn green. In case the sample 

 does not show the desirable strength, 

 then the wool must remain in bath a till 

 this is the case. Exact shade, according 

 to sample, is indispensably necessary, be- 

 cause the wool cannot be taken back, in- 

 to bath a from the sour bath b. 



As soon as the sample shows the de- 

 sired strength of color, take the wool out 

 of bath a, let it drip off well over the 

 bath, in order not to lose any dye-stuff, 



