ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND FACTS FOR THE PEOPLE. S C T 



and rinse a little ; put it in bath b, where 

 the color develops vividly. Bath a can 

 never be exhausted, but, like an indigo 

 bath, can be used constantly, with pro- 

 portionate additions, to supply the used- 

 up-dye-stuff and silicate. 



Do not be frightened by the apparent 

 tediousness of manipulation; the result 

 recompenses for the same, and by cor- 

 rect use you obtain a chemical combina- 

 tion of the color with the fibre, very dif- 

 ferent in results from the present dyeing, 

 which touches the surface only. All 

 shades, from the lightest to the darkest, 

 can be produced. 



Picric acid, or, still better, flavine, is 

 used to shade the green into desired yel- 

 lowish tints and added to bath b, but care 

 must be taken to prevent specks; then 

 wash and dry. One-half a pound of 

 paste will dye five pounds of goods a full 

 medium shade. One-half pound of crys- 

 tals, from thirty-five to thirty-seven and 

 one-half pounds. 



Some have found it still better to dye 

 the flavine bottom first, and then to top 

 it with the iodine green, as above, get- 

 ting more full shades by it. 



DYEING, on Silk.— Prepare the silk, 

 by carefully washing it in a solution of 

 Marseilles (castile) soap. Dye in a bath 

 of 95 temperature. Sour the bath 

 slightly by acetic acid. Add the dye 

 in three to four installments; the silk 

 will readily take the color. 



If the goods or ribbons require any 

 stiffening, put them through a bath con- 

 taining a little dissolved gelatine or gum 

 arabic. 



DYE (Napthaline), Bismarck Brown. 

 — Gives very brilliant goldish brown 

 tints. Dissolve, and dye the same as Bis- 

 marck brown. 



DYE (Picric Acid), Crystal! and Pow- 

 der. — This color has become very impor- 

 tant in dyeing, not only bright-yellow 

 shades, but also brilliant greens and drabs, 

 on wool and silk. 



Picric dissolves readily in boiling water, 

 and dyes quickly and evenly in sour 

 baths, avoiding the trouble which fustic 

 and other yellow dyes often give. Be- 

 sides brilliancy of color, it facilitates 

 correctness in shading off, a very im- 

 portant point where samples have to be 

 matched. Use either wooden or cop- 



per vessels; in tin the color becomes 

 dull. 

 DYEING, Green, with Picric, on WooL 



— Purify the water-bath at per general 

 rules above; add for every five pounds 

 of woolens, one-half pound of alum, One- 

 half pound glauber salts, about one 

 ounce sulphuric acid, and as much in- 

 digo, carmine, and picric acid as the 

 desired shade of green requires. Let the 

 bath boil, and mix together for a few 

 minutes before dipping the goods in. 

 Dye as usual at the boiling point, tor 

 about three-quarters of an hour. By add- 

 ing a proportionately larger quantity of 

 indigo, carmine, and less picric, or vice 

 versa, a more bluish or yellowish green 

 will be produced. In short, any shade of 

 green can be obtained. Picric acid yields- 

 a great deal of color; care must there- 

 fore be had in using it. 



DYEING, Drab Colors with Picric on 

 Wool. — Sour the bath as above, omitting 

 the alum, and add the picric acid, to- 

 gether with the indigo, carmine, archil or 

 cudbear. 



DYEING, Yellow, with Picric on WooL 

 — Sour the bath and dye as above for 

 green, omitting the carmine of indigo. 



DYEING, Green, with Picric on Silk, 

 — Prepare the silk as fuchsine, and add 

 the carmine of indigo and picric acid to- 

 the bath, which has been soured by sul- 

 phuric acid. For silk dyers, take a neu- 

 tral picric (free from acid) which is pre- 

 ferred for many purposes. 



DYE (Saflranine), Aniline. — A rose 

 pink on silk or wool dissolves very 

 readily in boiling water, and has to be 

 carefully filtered before adding it to the 

 dye-bath. 



DYEING, on Wool. — The same as 

 fuchsine. 



DYEING, on Silk. — For dyeing oa 

 silk, add the color to a bath in which 

 you have dissolved some castile soap, and 

 dye, keeping the bath lukewarm. 



SCARLET of Aniline. — Dissolve in 

 boiling water only, one pound of scarlet 

 to twenty pounds of water. 



DYEING, on WooL — Add to the boiling 

 bath for ten pounds of wool, two pounds- 

 of Epsom salts, one ounce of boracic 

 acid, and as much of the dissolved dye 

 as the light or dark shade you want to- 

 get requires. Keeping the goods in the 

 bath on the boiling point one-quarter to* 



