I20 HOW TO KNOW THE MOSSES 



mon in mountainous or hilly regions and along the coast; 

 often fruiting abundantly. 



Stems erect or ascending; stout; short, less than i inch, 

 usually about ^2 inch long ; sparingly branched. 



Leaves long and narrow, five to seven times 

 longer than broadest part; spreading when moist; 

 strongly crisped when dry, except in U. americana, 

 which grows on rocks and has leaves folded 

 straight when dry. 

 Ulota Seta short, ^i-y-z inch long; yellowish. 



Capsule erect, cylindrical, elliptical, or pear- 

 enlarged! shaped, with tapering neck; yellowish; mature in 

 spring or summer. 

 Calyptra large, covering the capsule; corn-colored; hairy. 

 Operculum cone-shaped or short-beaked, not easily seen. 

 Range, a cosmopolitan genus. 



Additional characteristics seen with hand-lens; erect 

 hairs on calyptra; capsule grooved (striate); peristome 

 double, outer row of teeth short and broad, recurved when 

 dry except in U. Ludwigii. 



The compact, rounded cushions of Ulota will be 

 found especially in sub-alpine woods. One species 

 Ulota americana (Palis.) Limpr. {U. Hutchinsiae (Sm.) 

 Hammar) grows only on rocks, while three other spe- 

 cies, occurring in our range, Ulota Ludwigii Brid., 

 Ulota ulophylla (Ehrh.) Broth. {U. oris pa. Bvid.),3ind 

 Ulota phyllantha Brid. are found on trees. Very rarely 

 U. ulophylla and U. phyllantha occur on rocks. 



The Ulotas are similar to the Orthotrichums in habi- 

 tat and growth, but differ from them in having the 

 calyptra more hairy and the leaves crisped when dry. 



